Ledgestall
A ledgestall is an advanced technique in Super Smash Bros. Melee that allows the entire cast to refresh the ledge intangibility infinitely. There are three different ways to do this, not all of them work with every character.
Explanation
As soon as a character grabs the ledge, he goes into the CliffCatch animation that lasts 7 frames (3 for Link) and has complete intangibility that lasts 30 frames longer than the CliffCatch animation. On the last frame of CliffCatch, he can perform all ledge options except letting go (ledge attack, ledge roll, ledge climb, ledge jump). If he doesn't perform any of these, he enters the CliffWait animation during which he can also let go of the ledge. He now has 29 frames of intangibility left that he can use freely. As soon as he drops from the ledge, the Disabled Regrab Period countdown-timer starts at 29. Thus, maintaining continuous invincibility requires dropping from the ledge on the first frame it is possible – otherwise, there would be at least one frame without intangibility on which the DRP timer was still active. Exceptions from this rule are Sheik’s and Mewtwo’s Up-B ledgestalls – their up special moves have intangibility early on so they don’t depend on the ledge intangibility as much.
Up-B ledgestall
Sheik, Fox, Falco, Mewtwo and Pikachu (possibly others as well?) can ledgestall with their up specials. Sheik's "Shino Stall", named after Japanese Sheik player Shino, is by far the easiest and most useful as her up special has innate intangibility, a strong hitbox and many movement options.
Fox's shine-firestall, 1/4x playback speed, develop mode: collision and environment visibility on
Falco's firestall, 1x speed, earliest possible inputs
Falco's firestall, 1/6-1/60x speed, develop mode: collision and environment visibility on, object texture visibility off, earliest possible inputs
Falco's firestall, 1x speed, latest possible inputs
Falco's firestall, 1/6-1/60x speed, develop mode: collision and environment visibility on, object texture visibility off, latest possible inputs
Sheik's Shino Stall, 20% playback speed, develop mode: collision visibility on, object texture visibility off
Ledgehopstall
This ledgestall is only possible with Captain Falcon, Ganondorf, Link, Roy and Bowser. By dropping from the ledge and immediately holding down to fastfall, these characters can abuse their high falling acceleration and low second jump height to reach the ledge and start falling again within 29 frames after having dropped from the ledge.
Captain Falcon, 1/4x speed, latest possible second jump
Ganondorf, 1/4x speed, latest possible second jump
Link, 1/4x speed, latest possible second jump
Roy, 1/4x speed, latest possible second jump
Bowser, 1/4x speed, latest possible second jump
It’s also possible to jump immediately after dropping from the ledge and fastfall after the peak of the jump. This is considered technically harder because holding down too long will prevent the ledgegrab.
Captain Falcon, 1/4x speed, early second jump
Ganondorf, 1/4x speed, earliest possible second jump
Link, 1/4x speed, earliest possible second jump
Roy, 1/4x speed, earliest possible second jump
Bowser, 1/4x speed, earliest possible second jump
Ledgedashstall
Rarely used competitively because of the high amount of precision necessary and the risk of losing the stock if even one input is slightly off. Hax is one of the few players who have shown mastery of this technique and coined the alternate term Haxdash.
By letting go of the ledge, jumping towards it and wavelanding away from it, the ledgegrab box overlaps the ledge again just when the ledge intangibility has ended for most of the cast. Some characters, like Marth, need to fastfall in order to get down far enough in time before the intangibility has run out while others, like Captain Falcon need to waste a few frames so they don't fall below the stage before the intangibility ends.
Marth performs the ledgedashstall with fastfall.
Captain Falcon starts the ledgedashstall as quickly has possible. If he would fastfall, he couldn't regrab the ledge.
Captain Falcon uses his airdodge as late as possible while still staying invincible. If he would not fastfall, he would be vulnerable for a few frames.
