Directional influence
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Directional influence, abbreviated DI, is the control the receiver of an attack has over his or her trajectory. Each attack sends its target in a particular direction, depending on the attack itself and on the target's weight and falling speed; DI can be used to alter, but not completely change, this original trajectory. This change can be vital to surviving high-power attacks such as Fox's up smash, and for escaping combos such as Jigglypuff's up-throw to rest combo on fast-fallers (see the space animal slayer). Perhaps one of DI's most useful applications is the ability to make the character move in a path that is as long as possible before crossing the blast line. "Good DI" usually occurs when a character is sent in a trajectory that creates the greatest distance between the character and the blast line, or one that will help the character recover back on stage. In most situations, angling towards the upper-left or upper-right corners will grant the greatest chance of surviving a high-knockback attack. Conversely, "poor DI" (commonly referred to with some form of mockery towards a certain region/player, such as "West Coast DI" or "PatG DI" in Brawl) occurs when the shortest distance between the character and the blast line is created, or the angle sends the player into a position they cannot recover from when they would normally easily recover from, such as down and away from the stage. Bad DI that results in a death commonly occurs near the sides of the stage, when a character is hit diagonally while holding the Control Stick downward (commonly as a result of intentional fastfalling), which sends them on a more horizontal trajectory, towards the closest blast line.
The player can DI by pressing the control stick in any direction during or just after being hit by an attack. There are three types of directional influence: trajectory DI (almost always referred to as just "DI"), Smash DI, and Automatic Smash DI. These last two function much differently from trajectory DI, and should not be confused with it.
DI in the Super Smash Bros. series
Directional influence does not exist in the original Super Smash Bros.; only smash directional influence does. This contributes to the ease of combos in said game.
In Melee, DI is essential for escaping many combos, especially chain grabs. Effective DI will also allow players to survive at higher damage percentages.
In Brawl, DI is not as useful as it was in Super Smash Bros. Melee, but it is easier to perform due to longer hitlag. Momentum canceling, a technique unique to the former, is of very high utility, and this coupled with DI enables players to survive high-knockback attacks at relatively high damage percentages for characters who can utilize it.
DI in Super Smash Bros. Melee
Survival DI
Survival DI alters the knockback direction towards the upper corners of the screen so that blast zones are escaped, preventing a kill provided that the knockback wasn't too high. This is done by pushing the control stick in the desired direction, altering character trajectory.
Combo DI
Because of the high amount of hitstun in Melee compared to Brawl (or, more accurately, the lack of the ability to negate hitstun), it is often possible to hit the opponent with another attack while they are still in hitstun. By DIing away from the attacker, the victim can increase the distance the attacker needs to travel and thus make it harder for the attacker to reach them in time to continue the combo.
Most of the time, combo DI is as simple as holding left or right in the knockback direction. Against characters like Captain Falcon who have aerials with high knockback and low ending lag, it is often hard to decide between survival DI and combo DI. While combo DI might escape a consecutive hit, it might also be enough to pass the horizontal blast zones and die. Survival DI ensures that doesn't happen, but it will make it easy for Captain Falcon to land another aerial.
DI Mix ups
Because survival DI generally involves DI-ing up and in and combo DI generally involves DI-ing up and away, the combo game in Melee often comes down to a series of DI mixups. Using survival DI on a weak hit can lead to easy follow ups by the opponent while using combo DI on a strong move can result in dying at extremely low percents. This constant mix up is one of the main reasons for bad DI seen in high level Melee.
Mechanics
To determine the effective trajectory, the position of the control stick is read on the last frame of hitlag. ASDI is usually triggered by this as well. The highest deviation of trajectory is produced by directions perpendicular to the original knockback angle of the hitbox and amounts to approximately 18°. Holding directions that are parallel to the original angle will produce no survival DI at all. Because the possible DI angles are not distributed equally (see diagram to the right), knockback angles within 17° of vertical or horizontal can be trajectory DI'd to a lesser degree, as no true correspondent perpendicular angle is available.
DI in Smash 4
Upon the initial release of Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS, directional influence acted in a very different way. Instead of altering the angle of knockback by a limited amount, the player inputs a vector that is added to the vector of knockback. As a result, instead of surviving longer by DI'ing perpendicular to an attack, players survive longer by DI'ing directly against the attack, and can also escape combos by DI'ing in sync with the attack (effectively adding to or subtracting from the knockback instead of reorienting it).[1] This technique is commonly known as vectoring, and this overall allowed characters to survive significantly longer than they would with normal DI, while making combos much more difficult to pull off, as vectoring allowed opponents to frequently be hit too far to successfully followup. The name was coined by Strong Bad, who first published the Smashboards post. Version 1.0.4 of the 3DS version changed the DI system again. Vectoring is still present, but has no effect on knockback with angles between 65° and 115°[2]. The wideness of the angle at which an attack can be DIed was also shortened in the transition, going from a maximum of 20° to a maximum of 10°.
