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{{out of date|October 2010}}
'''File replacement''' is a general term used to describe replacing various elements of a video game like textures, sounds, music and [[moveset]]s.
'''File Replacement''' is a general term used to describe replacing various elements of [[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]], including textures, music, and even movesets. Phantom Wings is credited to expanding its popularity, as he made file replacement available to users using SD cards, as initially music and textures required ISO hacking.


==Textures==
File replacements are quite common in  the ''[[Super Smash Bros. (series)|Super Smash Bros.]]'' series. Initially holding niche appeal amongst gamers, improvements to the hacking scene, especially for ''Brawl'', have led to more and more sophisticated file replacement hacks for the games. A majority of [[Gameplay modification|game mods]] for the games feature extensive use of file replacement hacks in order to deliver a unique experience to the mod.
[[File:Fierce Deity Link.png|thumb|An example of a texture hack. The textures of [[Link]]'s model have been modified and replaced to make him look like his Fierce Deity form from ''The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask''.|250px|right]]
::''For a catalog of many available texture hacks, please visit [http://forums.kc-mm.com/Gallery/BrawlView.php Brawl Vault].''


A Texture Hack is a hack used through the Homebrew Channel that alters a character's [[palette swap]] colors into different designs. This process was pioneered by Pharrox, a user on [[Smash World Forums]]. The hack involves the individual coding of the characters being changed to fit the design wanted. There are several websites dedicated to texture hacking.
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]''==
{{cleanup|Outdated, Smash 64 modding has been getting more advanced with new stages and new characters (ex. Wario in Smash Remix), plus people have found ways to run mods on actual hardware.}}
[[File:Tex hack SSB.png|thumb|150px|A texture hack of {{SSB|Pikachu}}'s {{b|Thunder|Pokémon}} that recolors the electric effects pink.]]
File replacement in ''Smash 64'' is accomplished by the use of the {{s|wikipedia|Rice Video}} plugin in conjunction with an emulator. The lesser fanbase of ''Smash 64'' is the primary reason why this type of file replacement is less common than for the other games; additionally, Rice Video has been implicated in causing stability problems with ''Super Smash Bros.'' with certain hardware and emulators


The basis of most textures is to make a character(or stage etc.) appear similar to something else. Examples include changing a Pokémon's appearance to its shiny form, or making characters appear similar to newer characters from other games, such as making [[Meta Knight (SSBB)|Meta Knight]] appear as Galactic Knight from ''Kirby Super Star Ultra'', or Fierce Diety Link, seen to the right.
File replacement can be used on real Nintendo 64 hardware with a custom made cartridge.
{{clr}}


The project has eventually grown to incorporate stage textures, item textures, [[Final Smash]] textures (e.g., the artwork seen during [[Peach (SSBB)|Peach]]'s [[Peach Blossom]]). Over time, the popularity of texture hacking has caused several other kinds of hacks to become available, such as music hacks, moveset hacks, and, eventually, model swapping, vertex hacks, custom animations, and even the insertion of completely new models.
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]''==
{{cleanup|Outdated as of February 2021. More tools have been released that give more users access to editing not just texture hacks, but also models. These tools include DAT Texture Wizard and the m-ex engine. Such hacks are also compatible with playing online, and have introduced new characters such as Wolf.}}
[[File:HackedMeleeRoster.png|thumb|A character select screen hack for ''Melee''; the portraits more closely resemble those found in the previous game, and Captain Falcon now has palette swaps that resemble other characters from other media, including Batman and Ronald McDonald.]]
Largely untouched for the first nine years since the game's release, file replacement in ''Melee'' gained popularity when S. of Stack Smash posted his texture hacks online. This process entails replacing files directly to the ISO with a program such as GC-Tool, and then burning the ISO to a disc or saving the ISO on a computer so that it can be run with an emulator such as [[Dolphin]].  


Initially, blank DVDs were necessary in order to use texture hacks, but PhantomWings managed to create a hack, exploiting Brawl's use of data created and saved on an SD Card, that allowed for texture hacks to be stored on and loaded from folders on SD cards, making them much more popular and accessible. Now, the only thing required is an SD card, the Homebrew Channel, and program to load the codes and textures, commonly Gecko OS or Riivolution.  
Due to the difficulty in hacking the GameCube console by itself, the difficulty in reliably accessing the Wii's RAM for playing GameCube games, and the steep system requirements of Dolphin, file replacement in ''Melee'' is considerably less widespread than that for ''Brawl'', though it does have a few devoted developers. Improvements in Dolphin itself have allowed for more hacks to be produced for the game, with ''[[Melee: SD Remix]]'' featuring numerous changes to the game's stages and character movesets via file replacement. With that in mind, more advanced modifications (like model replacement, new animations, and so on) have only very recently been made for ''Melee'', compared to its successors receiving the same treatment within a few years of release.
{{clr}}


===Primary Texture Hacking Teams===
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''==
* [http://Kc-mm.com Kitty Corp: Meow Mix.]
[[File:Geno in Brawl 5.png|thumb|300px|A popular hack that alters {{SSBB|Toon Link}}'s model, moveset and animations to create [[Geno]] from ''Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars''.]]
* [http://elitesmashhackers.wordpress.com/ Elite Smash Hackers]
* [http://stacksmash.kontek.net Stack Smash]


Due to the ease of hacking the Wii through the use of the Homebrew Channel, the lack of technical expertise in getting the Homebrew Channel and replacement files, the ability to hack a Wii because of the [[Smash Stack]] exploit, and a wide variety of resources available for it, file replacement is the most popular in the ''Brawl'' community, with many websites available solely for downloading a variety of hacks for the game. ''Brawl'' hacks are also known for being the most sophisticated of any ''Smash'' game, with all-new character movesets and unique stages even being introduced to some mods; programs like [[BrawlBox]] and [[Open SA]] also exist to assist in the creation of file replacement hacks.


[[File:Geno in Brawl 5.png|thumb|300px|A popular hack that alters [[Toon Link]]'s model, moveset and animations to create Geno from ''Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars''.]]
''Brawl'' hacking was initially restricted to particularly devoted players, as hacking the game's files initially required the extensive use of modified ISOs and Wii consoles in order to run hacked data. Hacker Phantom Wings is credited to expanding the popularity of ''Brawl'' file replacement hacks, as he made file replacement available to users using [[SD card]]s, with most prior file replacement hacks requiring hacking of the ''Brawl'' ISO itself.  
Possibly one of the most well-known and renowned hacking teams, ]Syntax Error[, the first texture hacking team, as well as the ones who released a guide to the masses on how to do texture hacking, was, unfortunately, broken up by their host site shortly after their releases for fear of a lawsuit from [[Nintendo]]. In reality, no lawsuit actually ever existed; it was only a safety precaution by the host site when they learned that ]Syntax Error[ had actually released their textures and guide to the public. Their host site believed that this release of hacks was a promotion of illegal piracy, when, in fact, Syntax Error did not promote piracy at all and actually refused to give out ''Brawl''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s ISO for the hacks, which could also be inadvertently used for piracy. Their textures, which had been released for a very short time prior to their being shut down, were given to the Stack Smash team, who placed them in a separate file on their [Index of /STUFFZ/]. Their being broken up by their host site for fear of legal issues has caused the team to become a kind of martyr in the ''Smash'' hacking community, and has caused many to push hacking farther than ever before, even expanding the concept into ''Melee'', which was previously thought to be much more resilient to possible hacks, especially texture replacements and the like.
{{clr}}


==Custom Music==
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. 4]]''==
Similar to Textures, music was initially limited to ISO users, although much later than textures. Custom music was popularized by GHNeko (One of the main developers of [[Brawl+]]), who made a video displaying various stages with custom music, although it was with ISO [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJJ2WAsolGQ&feature=player_embedded]. Eventually Phantom Wings continued his file replacement code used for textures to incorporate music (the first post about it can be seen [http://board.gscentral.org/showthread.php?t=30533#22 here]). Custom music was initially very confusing to make, as users had to make the music into a .brstm file, loop in an acceptable manner, and have the proper settings, although Bionic Sonic created a tool that only required simple editing to accommodate various personal settings, mostly volume, in a music editing program, such as Audacity. A newer version was released by Dantarion and a video can be seen [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hu-IT_-ULXc&annotation_id=annotation_781800&feature=iv here].
[[File:SSB43DS_Mario_texture_hack.jpg|thumb|Mario's modded "Jumpman" alt.|250px]]
[[File:SSB4U_Samus_texture_hack.jpg|thumb|{{SSB4|Samus}} wearing her [http://www.metroidwiki.org/wiki/Fusion_Suit Fusion Suit] from [http://www.metroidwiki.org/wiki/Metroid_Fusion ''Metroid Fusion''].|250px|left]]
[[File:20191024_062349.jpg|thumb|An animation swap showing {{SSB4|Zero Suit Samus}} with {{SSB4|Ganondorf}}'s taunt.|250px]]
File replacement returns in both {{For3ds}} and {{Forwiiu}}. Though somewhat more difficult to access compared to Smash Stack, due to the improved security of the two consoles, several mods have been made for each game, with the ability to use assets between them due to sharing the same file formats. Both games use a "Layered File System", or LayeredFS, implementation to run modded files loaded onto an SD card. With the advent of game updates, mods must be specifically compiled for the version of the game that is being edited.


==Moveset Hacks (Project Smash Attacks\Plan Zero)==
Texture and vertex hacking (eg. a "Jumpman" costume for {{SSB4|Mario}} and the Fusion Suit for {{SSB4|Samus}}), model replacement via importing ([[Chrom]] or [[Magnus]] over {{SSB4|Ike}}) and costume addition (eg. an extra costume slot for a {{S|mariowiki|White Yoshi}} costume) return.  
[[File:Dolphin_2010-03-13_14-35-44-91.png|thumb|The vertices of [[Ike]]'s model, his moveset, and even animations have all been altered to turn him into ''Final Fantasy VII'' protagonist, Cloud Strife.|250px|right]]
Created by Phantom Wings, Moveset Hacks (known as Project Smash Attacks) allow one to edit a character's moveset to create their own. Although understanding of scripts and floating values are necessary, it has been described as simple to those who do understand it, and several users on smashworld forums and various hacking sites have tried to make simple guides for those who don't. Many movesets have been made, although the first one, made by Phantom Wings, known as Phoenix Mario, was the first one to be unveiled at Brawlhacks Wiki under the name Plan Zero. Phoenix Mario, although maybe not the most popular moveset hack, is or was the most widely-used around the time of the release of Project Smash Attacks.


An example of a moveset hack is that of Cloud Strife from the popular ''Final Fantasy'' series. His appearance is most well known on Kitty Corp: Meow Mix, but the model was designed by Akari_Un from a lesser-sized team called Das Donkey. The moveset was added by a hacker named .Fade, and the animations designed mostly by Canon, both of which are members of the Kitty Corp: Meow Mix team.
The ability to edit a character's moveset returns, ranging from a character's attributes to their animations.


Other projects similar to this one have cropped up. Kitty Corp: Meow Mix normally creates hacks that will please mass amounts of people at a time, with large fanbases already in place. While not a moveset hack yet, an example of this is clearly apparent by the creation of Master Chief over Captain Falcon. More info on that can be found inside of BrawlVault], the largest repository of ''Brawl'' hacks online. BrawlVault was designed by Picano and Jack H., the current leaders of Kitty Corp: Meow Mix.
Other cosmetics such as selection portraits, names, fonts and menu backgrounds can also be changed as well.


==External Links==
There are some new additions to file replacement in ''Super Smash Bros. 4'', which include:
* Adding new music tracks without the need to replace existing ones (eg. adding the piece "One Winged Angel" to [[Midgar]], which only has two songs). Additionally, with the re-introduction of individual fanfares (for characters like {{SSB4|Meta Knight}} and {{SSB4|Rosalina}}), all characters who share a fanfare can once again be given their own.
* Giving characters extra sounds in-game via their alternate costumes, rather than replacing their SFX entirely (eg. Fierce Deity costume uses Link's voice from ''The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time'', ''Smash 64'' and ''Melee'', with the default Link still using his ''Brawl'' voice). However, not all characters (specifically DLC newcomers like {{SSB4|Cloud}}) have this feature as of yet,
* Adding unique names plates and announcer calls for alternate costumes on the [[character selection screen]]. Names, portraits and aliases can also be edited on the [[Boxing Ring]] stage.
* The ability to port character animations from ''Brawl'' to ''SSB4'' and vice versa, being more efficient to create custom animations or movesets.
 
''Smash 4'' modding, like with ''Brawl'', is perhaps equally popular. All the new aforementioned additions to modding have been demonstrated on [http://gamebanana.com/games/5547 GameBanana], a website which is similar to Brawl Vault.
{{clr}}
 
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''==
[[File:SSBU Ninten Import hack.jpeg|thumb|One of the recolors of a mod that turns [[Ness (SSBU)|Ness]] into Ninten from ''Earthbound Beginnings''.|250px|right]]
[[File:Bowser Mod.jpg|thumb|A mod that changes [[Bowser (SSBU)|Bowser]]'s down air to be a spiking swipe with an animation change based off his forward air.|250px|left]]
 
As in the previous game, file replacement in ''Ultimate'' relies on LayeredFS and mods placed on an SD card. Currently, all consoles released prior to July 2018 contain an unpatchable bug present in their bootloader and are capable of running mods via CFW (custom firmware).
 
Hackers have been able to replace the game's textures, models, UI elements, voices, parameters, animation edits, moves, and music. Previous features introduced make a return. Released file replacements are most commonly available on [https://gamebanana.com/games/6498 GameBanana] much like the game's predecessor.
 
In August 2020, a mod loader known as ARCropolis was developed. This mod loader is a plugin for Skyline, a game patch that allows for directly hooking the game's code. This tool is considered an alternative to the older, more limited Ultimate Mod Manager. Before ARCropolis' completion, it was impossible to add brand new files and directories. In the base game, certain files (such as character's models) are shared on all costume slots in order to save file space, compared to how they were independent for each costume in previous games. After many updates, most limitations replacing and adding files set by the game's ''data.arc'' file have been removed. Thus, it is now possible to give one-slot mods to characters as in previous games. In a series first, it is now possible to create one-slot movesets, which are custom movesets applied to a character's alternate costume without replacing the default moveset. 
 
Examples include:
 
* Changing the voice clips for [[Sora (SSBU)|Sora]] to match the costume's origins (''Kingdom Hearts 1'' voice for the ''Kingdom Hearts'' costume, etc.)
* Turning [[Ganondorf (SSBU)|Ganondorf]] into Sigma from the ''Megaman X'' franchise.
* Giving [[Wolf (SSBU)|Wolf]] his ''Brawl'' design without replacing the ''Ultimate'' design.
* Playing [[Knuckles the Echidna|Knuckles]] with a unique moveset by selecting Sonic on the Character Select Screen.
 
==Specific hacks==
Each hack varies from one to another. Either one or all of these files can be replaced.
 
===Texture hacks===
[[File:ChristmasPeachMelee.jpg|thumb|left|A "Christmas Edition Peach" stands on a modded [[Final Destination]].]]
[[File:Fierce Deity Link.png|thumb|The textures of {{SSBB|Link}}'s model have been modified and replaced to make him look like his Fierce Deity form from ''The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask''.|250px]]
 
Texture hacking refers to the modification of individual textures in the game's data. Pioneered by the hacker Pharrox, a majority of texture hacks are cosmetic in function, and often take the form of alternate costumes for characters, such as those seen in the images to the left and right. Textures from both characters and stages can be modified, as can various other texture; some hacks, for instance, replace the graphics featured in {{SSBB|Peach}}'s [[Peach Blossom]]. Particularly extensive texture hacks are also often featured in moveset hacks, such as those seen in ''[[Project M]]'' and ''[[Brawl-]]''.
{{clr}}
===[[Music]] hacks===
Music hacks feature the replacement of music tracks and replacing them with tracks that the user prefers to use in the game. Custom music was popularized by GHNeko (one of the main developers of ''[[Brawl+]]''), who made a video displaying various stages with custom music, although it was done with a modified ISO. Eventually, Phantom Wings continued his file replacement code used for textures to incorporate music (the first post about it can be seen [http://board.gscentral.org/showthread.php?t=30533#22 here]). Initially difficult for some users to understand, due to the required use of a .brstm file and necessitating music to loop in an acceptable or desired manner, fellow hacker Bionic Sonic created a tool that required considerably less hacking and editing from the end user's part. The hacker Dantarion [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hu-IT_-ULXc&annotation_id=annotation_781800&feature=iv  later improved on this method].
 
Music files do not solely represent the songs played on the menu or stages. They also represent the [[fanfare]] of a character. The files follow a chronological trend, and in this case, the files are named Y(XX).
 
In ''Brawl'', [[Unused content (SSBB)|leftover music data]] appears in the form of empty music and fanfare files. For the fanfare files, through the use of cheat codes created by Dantarion, it is possible to give characters their own individual fanfares (though one must also provide one for it to work). In ''SSB4'', the ability to do so returns. The process is much simpler, though as stated above, they will need a file for that fanfare.
{{clr}}
 
===Moveset hacks===
[[File:IkeisCloud.png|thumb|The vertices of {{SSBB|Ike}}'s model, his moveset, and even animations have all been altered to turn him into ''{{s|wikipedia|Final Fantasy VII}}'' protagonist [[Cloud Strife]].|250px|left]]
[[File:Pit%27s_Other_Twin.png|thumb|Similar to Ike, {{SSBB|Pit}} had the vertices of his model and moveset altered. In his case, Pit has been turned into ''[[Kingdom Hearts]]'' protagonist [[Sora]].|250px|right]]
Created by Phantom Wings, moveset hacks (known as "Project Smash Attacks" after the [[Project Smash Attacks|identically-named program]], as well as "Plan Zeroes" after the first notable moveset hack) alter the movesets of an individual character to varying degrees. This type of hack, however, requires extensive knowledge of scripting and floating values in order to perform, though multiple tutorials exist in an attempt to teach newer users on how to perform such hacks. The first notable moveset hack was "Plan Zero", a moveset hack of {{SSBB|Mario}}. Although not the most popular moveset hack, it became the most widely known amongst hackers after the release of Project Smash Attack. Today, most moveset hacks are more refined than before, and often feature famous characters such as Cloud Strife from ''Final Fantasy VII'', Sora from ''Kingdom Hearts'', Waluigi, and [[Mewtwo]], who was eventually hacked into ''[[Project M]]''.
{{clr}}
 
===Vertex/Model Replacement===
[[File:A_%22Square%22_off.jpeg|thumb|Cloud fighting against {{SSB4|Shulk}} in the Wii U version of ''Smash 4'', with the latter having his model modified to resemble Sora from {{uv|Kingdom Hearts}}.|250px|left]]
[[File:Hyrule_Warrior%27s_Hero.png|thumb|Link's model in the Wii U version of ''Smash 4'' has been replaced with another taken from his appearance in the ''Zelda'' spin-off, ''{{s|zeldawiki|Hyrule Warriors}}''.|250px]]
[[File:Ssbu model swap homer marge.jpg|thumb|A low-effort model swap intended as a joke, which replaces {{SSBU|Ryu}} and {{SSBU|Kazuya}} with Homer and Marge Simpson respectively, using models from ''The Simpsons: Hit & Run''.|250px|left]]
 
The default models of a character, starting from ''Brawl'', can have their vertices relocated. The model itself becomes reshaped, and in turn resemble the intended design. Texture hacking is done with this to ensure they correlate with the model's new design.
 
In addition to texture hacking and model vertexing, a character's in-game model can be replaced with another. For this to be done, the model must first be rigged over the character's skeleton. Importing model rips from other video games (like ''Marvel vs. Capcom'', ''Five Nights at Freddy's'', or even previous ''Super Smash Bros.'' titles) or using the models of NPCs from the given game are commonplace in ''Brawl'', both versions of ''SSB4'', ''Ultimate'', and ''Melee'' to a lesser degree.
 
Some mods like ''[[Project M]]'' have patched characters by giving them extra costumes. Alts in ''Project M'' can be inspired by other characters (such as Sonic cosplaying as Beat from ''Jet Set Radio'' or Ike wearing [http://fireemblemwiki.org/wiki/Hector Hector's] armor); outfits they wore in their source material (such as the pyjamas Ness wears in the US version of Magicant or [[Dr. Mario]]); ''Melee'' designs; (for characters from ''The Legend of Zelda'' and ''Star Fox''); and completely original ideas. (such as a ninja outfit for Squirtle and a [https://niwanetwork.org/wiki/Virtual_Boy Virtual Boy] head for R.O.B.)
 
This idea, as well as the method below, to add characters allows modders to add a certain character they desire to appear in ''Smash'' as playable.
{{clr}}
 
===Roster Expansion===
[[File:Mewtwo_vs_Lucario.png|250px|thumb|A well known example of roster expansion. Here, {{PM|Lucario}} is fighting against {{PM|Mewtwo}}, a character not normally in ''Brawl''; Lucario was a template to create Mewtwo.]]
 
Roster expansion refers to including new fighters without the need to replace fighters from the base roster. Ranging between fighters from past or future installments, ones whose data were leftover as unused content, ones that are overlooked or even non-existent in ''Smash'' all together, the opportunity of including characters is limitless. The process of expanding the roster requires replicating and modifying the data of pre-existing characters; this method is not uncommon in normal game development, as it saves time and resources. Using an SD card or external data modifier is required due to the extra space it takes up.
 
The earliest stage of this hack dates back to December 9th, 2013.  Beginning in version 3.0, ''Project M'' had a "clone engine" that added {{PM|Roy}} and Mewtwo. Not too longer after, in January 2014, Phantom Wings created a similar program called "BrawlEx". By default, these extra characters are considered "clones" as their data was copied from their base fighter, which is recognized through the "Ex" suffix on their file name (eg. LucarioEx, MarioEx, etc). By assigning "Ex" characters to their own placement ID, they will appear on the character select screen as if normal; from there, any necessary modifications (new models, animations, effects, portraits etc.) are addressed for custom content. There can be either completely unique fighters, full clones, semi-clones, or psuedo clones. An updated version of the BrawlEx engine was founded by ''Project+'', dubbed "P+Ex", which has various fixes and features used exclusively to ''Project+''.
 
The ''Melee'' mods ''Team Akaneia'' and ''Beyond Melee'' have done this to expand ''Melee's'' roster; the former includes Wolf, Diddy Kong, Charizard (based on it's Smash 4 incarnation), Lucas, and Sonic being playable, while the latter includes Wolf, Meta Knight, Shadow Mewtwo (from Pokkén Tournament) Skull Kid, Raichu and Fey.
 
The ''Smash 64'' mod ''Smash Remix'' has done this to expand it's roster up to 41 characters.
 
Roster Expansion is more commonplace in ''Brawl'' mods than other games so far. Mods like ''[[Brawl-]]'' used this feature to include characters like Pichu and Waluigi. After ''Project M's'' development ceased, ''Project+'' included {{b|Knuckles|P+}}, who was planned to appear in ''Project M''.
 
Unless addressed, there are some oddities specifically to the extra characters. For example, in ''Brawl'' related mods:
* Extra characters share the same codec conversation as Mario.
* During the credits for Classic mode, music does not play.
* Extra characters do not have a Classic ending video or trophy.
 
These oddities were addressed by giving Roy and Mewtwo their own Classic ending in the former, and later giving the two and Knuckles their own detailed Classic Mode trophy in the latter.
{{clr}}
 
===Item Expansion===
Item expansion refers to including new items into the game without replacing any items in the base game. Through the use of a tool called ItemEX, players are able to include existing Smash items or even unique ones. The is not limited to just battering items or food-based items; it also includes summonable beings like assist trophies and Pokémon.
 
The most recent version of ''Project+'' has made use of this tool to expand the item roster. [[Articuno]] and [[Zapdos]] return from ''Melee'' as alternatives to Moltres when summoned from a [[Poké Ball]]. [[Goomba]] appears as alternatives to [[Hammer Bro]]s. when summoned from an [[Assist Trophy]]. Items such as the [[Flipper]] from ''Balloon Fight'' and a variant of the [[Screw Attack (item)|Screw Attack]] make an appearance, themselves based on their appearances in ''Melee''. The aforementioned Assist Trophies can also be found within [[Container]]s, like in ''Melee''.
{{clr}}
 
==External links==
*[http://www.smashboards.com/showthread.php?t=106573 Smashboards ''Smash 64'' hacking guide]
*[http://www.smashboards.com/showthread.php?t=247119 Smashboards ''Melee'' hacking introduction]
*[https://ssbmtextures.com/ SSBM Textures, Home to Melee Mods and Skins]
*[http://www.smashboards.com/showthread.php?t=225642 A guide to using the File Replacement code for users using the SD loader]
*[http://www.smashboards.com/showthread.php?t=225642 A guide to using the File Replacement code for users using the SD loader]
*[http://forums.kc-mm.com/Gallery/BrawlView.php Brawl Vault - A hub for downloading and hosting various textures, custom music, and movesets]
*[http://forums.kc-mm.com/Gallery/BrawlView.php Brawl Vault, which hosts numerous ''Brawl''-related texture hacks]
*[http://Kc-mm.com Kitty Corp: Meow Mix, a texture hack team.]
*[http://elitesmashhackers.wordpress.com/ Elite Smash Hackers, a blog concerning file replacement hacks]
*[http://stacksmash.kontek.net Stack Smash, a resource for hacks]
*[https://gamebanana.com/tuts/12827 A gamebannana tutorial for modding]
[[Category:Hacking]]
[[Category:Hacking]]

Latest revision as of 16:51, November 3, 2024

File replacement is a general term used to describe replacing various elements of a video game like textures, sounds, music and movesets.

File replacements are quite common in the Super Smash Bros. series. Initially holding niche appeal amongst gamers, improvements to the hacking scene, especially for Brawl, have led to more and more sophisticated file replacement hacks for the games. A majority of game mods for the games feature extensive use of file replacement hacks in order to deliver a unique experience to the mod.

In Super Smash Bros.[edit]

An icon for use on pages that need cleanup. This article or section may require a cleanup.
The editor who added this tag believes this page should be cleaned up for the following reason: Outdated, Smash 64 modding has been getting more advanced with new stages and new characters (ex. Wario in Smash Remix), plus people have found ways to run mods on actual hardware.
You can discuss this issue on the talk page or edit this page to improve it.
A texture hack of Pikachu's Thunder that recolors the electric effects pink.

File replacement in Smash 64 is accomplished by the use of the Rice Video plugin in conjunction with an emulator. The lesser fanbase of Smash 64 is the primary reason why this type of file replacement is less common than for the other games; additionally, Rice Video has been implicated in causing stability problems with Super Smash Bros. with certain hardware and emulators

File replacement can be used on real Nintendo 64 hardware with a custom made cartridge.

In Super Smash Bros. Melee[edit]

An icon for use on pages that need cleanup. This article or section may require a cleanup.
The editor who added this tag believes this page should be cleaned up for the following reason: Outdated as of February 2021. More tools have been released that give more users access to editing not just texture hacks, but also models. These tools include DAT Texture Wizard and the m-ex engine. Such hacks are also compatible with playing online, and have introduced new characters such as Wolf.
You can discuss this issue on the talk page or edit this page to improve it.
A character select screen hack for Melee; the portraits more closely resemble those found in the previous game, and Captain Falcon now has palette swaps that resemble other characters from other media, including Batman and Ronald McDonald.

Largely untouched for the first nine years since the game's release, file replacement in Melee gained popularity when S. of Stack Smash posted his texture hacks online. This process entails replacing files directly to the ISO with a program such as GC-Tool, and then burning the ISO to a disc or saving the ISO on a computer so that it can be run with an emulator such as Dolphin.

Due to the difficulty in hacking the GameCube console by itself, the difficulty in reliably accessing the Wii's RAM for playing GameCube games, and the steep system requirements of Dolphin, file replacement in Melee is considerably less widespread than that for Brawl, though it does have a few devoted developers. Improvements in Dolphin itself have allowed for more hacks to be produced for the game, with Melee: SD Remix featuring numerous changes to the game's stages and character movesets via file replacement. With that in mind, more advanced modifications (like model replacement, new animations, and so on) have only very recently been made for Melee, compared to its successors receiving the same treatment within a few years of release.

In Super Smash Bros. Brawl[edit]

A popular hack that alters Toon Link's model, moveset and animations to create Geno from Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars.

Due to the ease of hacking the Wii through the use of the Homebrew Channel, the lack of technical expertise in getting the Homebrew Channel and replacement files, the ability to hack a Wii because of the Smash Stack exploit, and a wide variety of resources available for it, file replacement is the most popular in the Brawl community, with many websites available solely for downloading a variety of hacks for the game. Brawl hacks are also known for being the most sophisticated of any Smash game, with all-new character movesets and unique stages even being introduced to some mods; programs like BrawlBox and Open SA also exist to assist in the creation of file replacement hacks.

Brawl hacking was initially restricted to particularly devoted players, as hacking the game's files initially required the extensive use of modified ISOs and Wii consoles in order to run hacked data. Hacker Phantom Wings is credited to expanding the popularity of Brawl file replacement hacks, as he made file replacement available to users using SD cards, with most prior file replacement hacks requiring hacking of the Brawl ISO itself.

In Super Smash Bros. 4[edit]

Mario's modded "Jumpman" alt.
Samus wearing her Fusion Suit from Metroid Fusion.
Epic samus as ganondorf
An animation swap showing Zero Suit Samus with Ganondorf's taunt.

File replacement returns in both Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Super Smash Bros. for Wii U. Though somewhat more difficult to access compared to Smash Stack, due to the improved security of the two consoles, several mods have been made for each game, with the ability to use assets between them due to sharing the same file formats. Both games use a "Layered File System", or LayeredFS, implementation to run modded files loaded onto an SD card. With the advent of game updates, mods must be specifically compiled for the version of the game that is being edited.

Texture and vertex hacking (eg. a "Jumpman" costume for Mario and the Fusion Suit for Samus), model replacement via importing (Chrom or Magnus over Ike) and costume addition (eg. an extra costume slot for a White Yoshi costume) return.

The ability to edit a character's moveset returns, ranging from a character's attributes to their animations.

Other cosmetics such as selection portraits, names, fonts and menu backgrounds can also be changed as well.

There are some new additions to file replacement in Super Smash Bros. 4, which include:

  • Adding new music tracks without the need to replace existing ones (eg. adding the piece "One Winged Angel" to Midgar, which only has two songs). Additionally, with the re-introduction of individual fanfares (for characters like Meta Knight and Rosalina), all characters who share a fanfare can once again be given their own.
  • Giving characters extra sounds in-game via their alternate costumes, rather than replacing their SFX entirely (eg. Fierce Deity costume uses Link's voice from The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Smash 64 and Melee, with the default Link still using his Brawl voice). However, not all characters (specifically DLC newcomers like Cloud) have this feature as of yet,
  • Adding unique names plates and announcer calls for alternate costumes on the character selection screen. Names, portraits and aliases can also be edited on the Boxing Ring stage.
  • The ability to port character animations from Brawl to SSB4 and vice versa, being more efficient to create custom animations or movesets.

Smash 4 modding, like with Brawl, is perhaps equally popular. All the new aforementioned additions to modding have been demonstrated on GameBanana, a website which is similar to Brawl Vault.

In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate[edit]

One of the recolors of a mod that turns Ness into Ninten from Earthbound Beginnings.
A mod that changes Bowser's down air to be a spiking swipe with an animation change based off his forward air.

As in the previous game, file replacement in Ultimate relies on LayeredFS and mods placed on an SD card. Currently, all consoles released prior to July 2018 contain an unpatchable bug present in their bootloader and are capable of running mods via CFW (custom firmware).

Hackers have been able to replace the game's textures, models, UI elements, voices, parameters, animation edits, moves, and music. Previous features introduced make a return. Released file replacements are most commonly available on GameBanana much like the game's predecessor.

In August 2020, a mod loader known as ARCropolis was developed. This mod loader is a plugin for Skyline, a game patch that allows for directly hooking the game's code. This tool is considered an alternative to the older, more limited Ultimate Mod Manager. Before ARCropolis' completion, it was impossible to add brand new files and directories. In the base game, certain files (such as character's models) are shared on all costume slots in order to save file space, compared to how they were independent for each costume in previous games. After many updates, most limitations replacing and adding files set by the game's data.arc file have been removed. Thus, it is now possible to give one-slot mods to characters as in previous games. In a series first, it is now possible to create one-slot movesets, which are custom movesets applied to a character's alternate costume without replacing the default moveset.

Examples include:

  • Changing the voice clips for Sora to match the costume's origins (Kingdom Hearts 1 voice for the Kingdom Hearts costume, etc.)
  • Turning Ganondorf into Sigma from the Megaman X franchise.
  • Giving Wolf his Brawl design without replacing the Ultimate design.
  • Playing Knuckles with a unique moveset by selecting Sonic on the Character Select Screen.

Specific hacks[edit]

Each hack varies from one to another. Either one or all of these files can be replaced.

Texture hacks[edit]

A "Christmas Edition Peach" stands on a modded Final Destination.
The textures of Link's model have been modified and replaced to make him look like his Fierce Deity form from The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask.

Texture hacking refers to the modification of individual textures in the game's data. Pioneered by the hacker Pharrox, a majority of texture hacks are cosmetic in function, and often take the form of alternate costumes for characters, such as those seen in the images to the left and right. Textures from both characters and stages can be modified, as can various other texture; some hacks, for instance, replace the graphics featured in Peach's Peach Blossom. Particularly extensive texture hacks are also often featured in moveset hacks, such as those seen in Project M and Brawl-.

Music hacks[edit]

Music hacks feature the replacement of music tracks and replacing them with tracks that the user prefers to use in the game. Custom music was popularized by GHNeko (one of the main developers of Brawl+), who made a video displaying various stages with custom music, although it was done with a modified ISO. Eventually, Phantom Wings continued his file replacement code used for textures to incorporate music (the first post about it can be seen here). Initially difficult for some users to understand, due to the required use of a .brstm file and necessitating music to loop in an acceptable or desired manner, fellow hacker Bionic Sonic created a tool that required considerably less hacking and editing from the end user's part. The hacker Dantarion later improved on this method.

Music files do not solely represent the songs played on the menu or stages. They also represent the fanfare of a character. The files follow a chronological trend, and in this case, the files are named Y(XX).

In Brawl, leftover music data appears in the form of empty music and fanfare files. For the fanfare files, through the use of cheat codes created by Dantarion, it is possible to give characters their own individual fanfares (though one must also provide one for it to work). In SSB4, the ability to do so returns. The process is much simpler, though as stated above, they will need a file for that fanfare.

Moveset hacks[edit]

The vertices of Ike's model, his moveset, and even animations have all been altered to turn him into Final Fantasy VII protagonist Cloud Strife.
Similar to Ike, Pit had the vertices of his model and moveset altered. In his case, Pit has been turned into Kingdom Hearts protagonist Sora.

Created by Phantom Wings, moveset hacks (known as "Project Smash Attacks" after the identically-named program, as well as "Plan Zeroes" after the first notable moveset hack) alter the movesets of an individual character to varying degrees. This type of hack, however, requires extensive knowledge of scripting and floating values in order to perform, though multiple tutorials exist in an attempt to teach newer users on how to perform such hacks. The first notable moveset hack was "Plan Zero", a moveset hack of Mario. Although not the most popular moveset hack, it became the most widely known amongst hackers after the release of Project Smash Attack. Today, most moveset hacks are more refined than before, and often feature famous characters such as Cloud Strife from Final Fantasy VII, Sora from Kingdom Hearts, Waluigi, and Mewtwo, who was eventually hacked into Project M.

Vertex/Model Replacement[edit]

Cloud fighting against Shulk in the Wii U version of Smash 4, with the latter having his model modified to resemble Sora from Kingdom Hearts.
Link's model in the Wii U version of Smash 4 has been replaced with another taken from his appearance in the Zelda spin-off, Hyrule Warriors.
A low-effort model swap intended as a joke, which replaces Ryu and Kazuya with Homer and Marge Simpson respectively, using models from The Simpsons: Hit & Run.

The default models of a character, starting from Brawl, can have their vertices relocated. The model itself becomes reshaped, and in turn resemble the intended design. Texture hacking is done with this to ensure they correlate with the model's new design.

In addition to texture hacking and model vertexing, a character's in-game model can be replaced with another. For this to be done, the model must first be rigged over the character's skeleton. Importing model rips from other video games (like Marvel vs. Capcom, Five Nights at Freddy's, or even previous Super Smash Bros. titles) or using the models of NPCs from the given game are commonplace in Brawl, both versions of SSB4, Ultimate, and Melee to a lesser degree.

Some mods like Project M have patched characters by giving them extra costumes. Alts in Project M can be inspired by other characters (such as Sonic cosplaying as Beat from Jet Set Radio or Ike wearing Hector's armor); outfits they wore in their source material (such as the pyjamas Ness wears in the US version of Magicant or Dr. Mario); Melee designs; (for characters from The Legend of Zelda and Star Fox); and completely original ideas. (such as a ninja outfit for Squirtle and a Virtual Boy head for R.O.B.)

This idea, as well as the method below, to add characters allows modders to add a certain character they desire to appear in Smash as playable.

Roster Expansion[edit]

A well known example of roster expansion. Here, Lucario is fighting against Mewtwo, a character not normally in Brawl; Lucario was a template to create Mewtwo.

Roster expansion refers to including new fighters without the need to replace fighters from the base roster. Ranging between fighters from past or future installments, ones whose data were leftover as unused content, ones that are overlooked or even non-existent in Smash all together, the opportunity of including characters is limitless. The process of expanding the roster requires replicating and modifying the data of pre-existing characters; this method is not uncommon in normal game development, as it saves time and resources. Using an SD card or external data modifier is required due to the extra space it takes up.

The earliest stage of this hack dates back to December 9th, 2013. Beginning in version 3.0, Project M had a "clone engine" that added Roy and Mewtwo. Not too longer after, in January 2014, Phantom Wings created a similar program called "BrawlEx". By default, these extra characters are considered "clones" as their data was copied from their base fighter, which is recognized through the "Ex" suffix on their file name (eg. LucarioEx, MarioEx, etc). By assigning "Ex" characters to their own placement ID, they will appear on the character select screen as if normal; from there, any necessary modifications (new models, animations, effects, portraits etc.) are addressed for custom content. There can be either completely unique fighters, full clones, semi-clones, or psuedo clones. An updated version of the BrawlEx engine was founded by Project+, dubbed "P+Ex", which has various fixes and features used exclusively to Project+.

The Melee mods Team Akaneia and Beyond Melee have done this to expand Melee's roster; the former includes Wolf, Diddy Kong, Charizard (based on it's Smash 4 incarnation), Lucas, and Sonic being playable, while the latter includes Wolf, Meta Knight, Shadow Mewtwo (from Pokkén Tournament) Skull Kid, Raichu and Fey.

The Smash 64 mod Smash Remix has done this to expand it's roster up to 41 characters.

Roster Expansion is more commonplace in Brawl mods than other games so far. Mods like Brawl- used this feature to include characters like Pichu and Waluigi. After Project M's development ceased, Project+ included Knuckles, who was planned to appear in Project M.

Unless addressed, there are some oddities specifically to the extra characters. For example, in Brawl related mods:

  • Extra characters share the same codec conversation as Mario.
  • During the credits for Classic mode, music does not play.
  • Extra characters do not have a Classic ending video or trophy.

These oddities were addressed by giving Roy and Mewtwo their own Classic ending in the former, and later giving the two and Knuckles their own detailed Classic Mode trophy in the latter.

Item Expansion[edit]

Item expansion refers to including new items into the game without replacing any items in the base game. Through the use of a tool called ItemEX, players are able to include existing Smash items or even unique ones. The is not limited to just battering items or food-based items; it also includes summonable beings like assist trophies and Pokémon.

The most recent version of Project+ has made use of this tool to expand the item roster. Articuno and Zapdos return from Melee as alternatives to Moltres when summoned from a Poké Ball. Goomba appears as alternatives to Hammer Bros. when summoned from an Assist Trophy. Items such as the Flipper from Balloon Fight and a variant of the Screw Attack make an appearance, themselves based on their appearances in Melee. The aforementioned Assist Trophies can also be found within Containers, like in Melee.

External links[edit]

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