Editing Hitbox

[[File:Mewtwo Up Aerial Hitbox Melee.gif|thumb|200px|An example of offensive and damageable collision bubbles in ''Melee'', as demonstrated with {{SSBM|Mewtwo}}'s up aerial. Yellow bubbles are hurtboxes, and red bubbles are hitboxes.]]

A '''hitbox''' or '''collision bubble''' (also known as a '''hitbubble''' and officially called an '''attack collision''' in ''Smash''<ref>[https://youtu.be/rwwF_4blK-o Always Keep Attack Collision in Mind <nowiki>[Animation]</nowiki>]</ref>) is the main structure for how attacks are executed in most fighting games. An attack's hitbox is the part of that attack that can deal damage when touched. A character's '''hurtbox''' (also called a '''hurtbuble''') is the part of a character which, when touched by a hitbox, causes the character to take damage. In other words, when an attack's hitbox overlaps with a hurtbox, the attack is considered a hit. An attack may have more than one hitbox associated with them, and while hitboxes are invisible, they usually, though not always, have the same shape as the attack's animation.

[[File:SSBU Training Hurtboxes.png|thumb|250px|''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''{{'}}s [[Training mode]] displaying hurtboxes for invulnerability: {{SSBU|Mario}} is [[invincible]] due to a [[Super Star]], while {{SSBU|Ridley}}'s wing, head, and arm are [[intangible]] due to his [[up tilt]].]]

Should multiple hitboxes of a single move connect with the opponent, only one of them will count. The order of precedence is known as the "hitbox stack" - hitboxes higher in the stack will override ones lower should they both hit at the same time. Mechanically, this is denoted by giving each hitbox an ID number, and lower numbers indicate higher precedence (higher stack position). For example, [[Marth]]'s [[down aerial]] in ''Melee'' features its [[tipper]] hitbox on top of the stack, so hitting with both a tipper and non-tipper hitbox will result in the tipper counting, even if the majority of the opponent was hit by the other hitboxes. By contrast, the move in ''Brawl'' has the tipper on the bottom, so the tipper can only hit if none of the other hitboxes do. As a result, even though the sizes and positions of the hitboxes did not change much between games, the tipper is more difficult to hit in ''Brawl'' than in ''Melee''.

[[File:3D Hitboxes in Melee.png|thumb|250px|While the regular camera suggests Mario should have been hit already, a side view shows otherwise.]]

*Animations where characters lean sideways can result in attacks missing them. King Dedede's [[spot dodge]] in ''[[Brawl]]'' is a notorious example, allowing him to dodge attacks with narrow hitboxes even after his intangibility ends.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=079p47Y42Og Metagame Minute Ep2: D3's Broken Spot Dodge - SSBB]</ref>

*Attacks that swing in a horizontal arc can hit characters of different widths at different times. For example, Peach's [[neutral aerial]] in ''[[Smash 4]]'' usually hits Zero Suit Samus a frame later than most other characters. Similarly, Yoshi's running [[grab]] in ''[[Melee]]'' is so off to the side of the playing plane that it often misses skinny characters, such as Zelda or Marth, which is demonstrated in [https://youtu.be/zzRwSiMm3Zg?t=547 this clip] where [[aMSa]]'s Yoshi misses a grab at point blank range against [[PewPewU]]'s Marth.

[[File:HitboxBubblesSSBM.png||thumb|250px|The different types of hitboxes and hurtboxes visualized in ''Melee''.]]

|[[Bone]]||''Smash 64''||The bone of a character model the hitbox is connected to, which can be a numerical or text value. A bone of 0 or "top" only follows the character's position, while other values correspond to different bones of a character (such as an arm, leg, or in the case of swordfighters, a portion of the sword), and follow their movement even if the character themselves do not change position. Several attacks, particularly arcing swings, employ this property so their hitboxes can cover a wide area around the character without having to manually change their placement every frame; in later games, the latter measure is only done in specific cases to avoid blindspots.

|[[Damage]]||''Smash 64''||The base damage dealt by the hitbox. In the first three games, the initial damage is always an integer, but after ''Smash 64'', it rarely ends up as one once modified by factors like [[stale-move negation]]. From ''Smash 4'' onward, damage can be any number with up to six decimal values (per the {{s|wikipedia|single-precision floating-point format}}).

|X position||''Smash 64''||The hitbox's horizontal displacement (in units of distance) relative to the bone it is attached to. In ''Smash 4'' and ''Ultimate'', for a bone of 0 or "top", this refers to the Z axis.

|Z position||''Smash 64''||The hitbox's displacement in the foreground/background (in units of distance) relative to the bone it is attached to. In ''Smash 4'' and ''Ultimate'', for a bone of 0 or "top", this refers to the X axis.

|SDI multiplier||''Brawl''||Set to 1 by default. Modifies the distance of [[smash directional influence]] for opponents struck by the hitbox.

|Absorptiveness||''Smash 64''||Determines whether the hitbox can be [[absorb]]ed. Usually a projectile, but can rarely be used for physical attacks, such as [[Zero Suit Samus]]' [[down smash]].

|Hit bits||''Melee''||Determines what a hitbox is capable of interacting with. This includes damageable stage objects (floors, ceilings, or other), or multiple opponents, as well as if it can connect against enemies from the [[Subspace Emissary]] in ''Brawl''. Most attacks can hit all specified objects, but certain others, such as [[Mario]]'s [[Fireball]]s, are set to ignore damageable floors so they cannot be stopped by [[Skyworld]]'s breakable platforms, for example.<br>From ''Smash 4'' onward, certain attacks that appear to have gaps between hitboxes, such as [[Tatsumaki Senpukyaku]] and [[Lucas]]' [[down smash]], actually consist of a single hitbox active throughout, which instead changes its hit bits to ignore opponents during the gaps, so that the attack can only hit each opponent once. In ''Ultimate'', Lucas' down smash retains this behavior, but uses a rehit rate to re-allow one strike per hitbox.

|Angle flipper||''Brawl''||Changes how the hitbox's launch angle is applied, such as causing it to always launch opponents in the direction the user is facing, or the opposite, instead of depending on the attacker's position relative to the opponent. Used for various attacks such as [[forward tilt]]s, [[forward smash]]es, [[forward aerial]]s, and [[back aerial]]s in ''Ultimate''. Also used by [[Back Slash]]'s back hit to launch opponents with a different animation that does not turn them around.

|Heedless||''Brawl''||If set, allows the hitbox to hit teammates even if [[team attack]] is turned off. Rarely used.

|Hitstun modifier||''Ultimate''||Changes the amount of [[hitstun]] the hitbox does when hitting an opponent. Due to a glitch, even if specified for certain hitboxes, it applies to all of a move's hitboxes until they are changed later in the script. However, some moves in later updates use a "revised" variant of the flag that properly applies hitstun modifiers only to the specified hitboxes.

|Disable tech||''Ultimate''||Prevents opponents from [[tech]]ing the hitbox's knockback. Only used for [[Cross Chop]]'s falling portion and [[Onslaught]]'s meteor smashing kick. A similar effect is present since ''Smash 4'' for certain [[Final Smash]]es such as [[Pair Up]], but not declared in hitbox scripts.

|[[Freezing|Freeze]] multiplier||''Ultimate''||Modifies the initial amount of time a freezing hitbox freezes targets for. Used only for {{SSBU|Hero}}'s [[Kacrackle Slash]], which has a 2× multiplier.

[[File:What are hitboxes 2.jpg|thumb|An example of recoil animations making hitboxes appear to be unexpectedly large. Here, {{SSB4|Ryu}} is hitting {{SSB4|Lucina}} with a [[Shoryuken]], with the blue starburst showing where the collision occurred.]]

*Because characters enter a recoil animation upon being hit, pausing the game during hitlag can make it appear as if the attack's hitboxes are misaligned or too large, when in reality, a fighter was simply in a different pose prior to entering the hit animation. This phenomenon is sometimes referred to as "hurtbox shifting".