Editing Flame

From SmashWiki, the Super Smash Bros. wiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
Warning You aren't logged in. While it's not a requirement to create an account, doing so makes it a lot easier to keep track of your edits and a lot harder to confuse you with someone else. If you edit without being logged in, your IP address will be recorded in the page's edit history.

The edit can be undone. Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, and then publish the changes below to finish undoing the edit.

Latest revision Your text
Line 1: Line 1:
{{ArticleIcons|allgames=y}}
{{ArticleIcons|series=y}}
[[File:BowserFireBreathUltimate.jpg|thumb|200px|{{SSBU|Bowser}} using his [[Fire Breath]], a flame attack, in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'']]
[[File:BowserFireBreathUltimate.jpg|thumb|200px|{{SSBU|Bowser}} using his [[Fire Breath]], a flame attack in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''.]]
[[File:Flame.png|thumb|200px|{{SSB|Mario}} throwing a [[Fireball]], a flame attack, at {{SSB|Link}} as he is set on fire, in ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'']]
[[File:Flame.png|thumb|200px|right|{{SSB|Mario}} throwing a [[Fireball]], a flame attack, on {{SSB|Link}} as he is set on fire in ''[[Super Smash Bros]]''.]]
[[File:NessFire.jpg|thumb|200px|The flame effect as demonstrated by {{SSBB|Ness}}'s PK Fire attack on {{SSBB|Lucas}}]]
There are various attacks in the ''{{b|Super Smash Bros.|series}}'' series that cause the '''flame''' effect. Targets hit by these attacks will momentarily be set on fire, flashing red and orange, and in ''Ultimate'', will appear visibly scorched. Flame attacks have other effects:
'''Flame''', also known as '''fire''', is a kind of [[effect]] in the ''{{b|Super Smash Bros.|series}}'' series that debuted in ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' Targets hit by flame attacks are momentarily set on fire, flashing red and orange, and in ''Ultimate'', will appear visibly scorched.


In addition, flame attacks have several other effects:
*They thaw [[frozen]] characters.
*They thaw [[frozen]] characters (prior to ''Ultimate'').
*They cause [[Blast Box]]es, [[Bomber]]s, Link's {{b|Bomb|Link}}s and [[Remote Bomb]]s, and Young Link and Toon Link's Bombs to detonate instantly (with the exception of the Hothead).
*They cause [[Blast Box]]es, [[Bomber]]s, [[Link]]'s {{b|Bomb|Link}}s and [[Remote Bomb]]s, and [[Young Link]] and [[Toon Link]]'s Bombs, to detonate instantly and [[Steve]]'s [[TNT]] to detonate more quickly.
*They do no damage to Red {{b|Pikmin|species}}, which will not flinch.
*They do no damage to Red {{b|Pikmin|species}}, which will not flinch.
*In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'', due to [[type effectiveness]] they deal 1.1x [[knockback]] to {{SSBB|Ivysaur}} and 0.9x knockback to {{SSBB|Squirtle}}.
*They deal 1.1x [[knockback]] to {{SSBB|Ivysaur}} and 0.9x knockback to {{SSBB|Squirtle}} in ''[[Brawl]]''.
*In ''Brawl'' and ''SSB4'', flame and electric attacks make [[Hothead]]s grow larger and more powerful (in ''Ultimate'', all attacks can do this, albeit not as quickly).
*They are strengthened by Flame Attack [[sticker]]s and Fire & Explosion Attack ↑ [[spirits]] and resisted by Flame Resistance stickers and Fire/Explosion Resist ↑ spirits.
*They make [[Hothead]]s grow larger and make them more powerful.


Flame attacks are boosted by Flame Attack [[sticker]]s in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]''{{'}}s [[The Subspace Emissary]] and in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'' by the primary [[spirit]] trait Fire Attack ↑, the support spirit skill Fire & Explosion Attack ↑, as well as certain [[Spirit Battle]] [[condition]]s. Flame attacks are resisted by Flame Resist stickers in ''Brawl'' and the spirit trait or skill Fire/Explosion Resist ↑ in ''Ultimate''. These attacks also deal more damage to fighters equipped with a primary spirit with the trait Fire Weakness in ''Ultimate''.
Flame is by far the most common "elemental" attack in the ''Smash Bros.'' series, with over half of ''Brawl'''s roster having access to at least one.


Flame is by far the most common "elemental" attack in the ''Super Smash Bros.'' series, with over half of ''Brawl''{{'}}s roster having access to at least one flame attack. Most [[explosive]]-[[type]] attacks use the flame effect.
The vast majority of [[explosive]] attacks use the flame effect.
[[File:NessFire.jpg|thumb|200px|The flame effect as demonstrated by {{SSBB|Ness}}' PK Fire attack on {{SSBB|Lucas}}.]]


==List of flame attacks==
==List of flame attacks==
Line 24: Line 24:
!width=8%|Games
!width=8%|Games
|-
|-
|{{SSBU|Banjo & Kazooie}}
|rowspan=4|[[Bowser]]
|[[Rear Egg]]
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Bowser]]
|[[Fire Breath]]
|[[Fire Breath]]
|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 36: Line 32:
|-
|-
|[[Fire Roar]]
|[[Fire Roar]]
|-
|[[Flying Slam]] (explosion)
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=5|[[Bowser Jr.]]
|rowspan=5|[[Bowser Jr.]]
|[[Mechakoopa]] (explosion)
|[[Mechakoopa]] (explosion)
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|[[Abandon Ship!]] (Clown Car explosion)
|[[Abandon Ship!]] (Clown Car explosion)
|rowspan=4|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|[[Meteor Ejection]] (Clown Car explosion)
|[[Meteor Ejection]] (Clown Car explosion)
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|[[Impatient Mechakoopa]] (explosion)
|[[Impatient Mechakoopa]] (explosion)
Line 80: Line 79:
|[[Forward tilt]] (sweetspot)
|[[Forward tilt]] (sweetspot)
|-
|-
|[[Neutral aerial]] (sweetspot)
|[[Neutral air]] (sweetspot)
|-
|-
|[[Back aerial]] (sweetspot, second hit in ''Brawl'')
|[[Back air]] (sweetspot, second hit in ''Brawl'')
|-
|-
|[[Down throw]]
|[[Down throw]]
Line 88: Line 87:
|[[Fire Blast]] (in both Triple Finish and [[Mega Charizard X]])
|[[Fire Blast]] (in both Triple Finish and [[Mega Charizard X]])
|-
|-
|Forward aerial
|Forward air
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}
|-
|-
Line 97: Line 96:
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|{{SSBU|Dark Samus}}
|rowspan=2|[[Dark Samus]]
|[[Missile]]
|[[Missile]]
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 125: Line 124:
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|{{SSB4|Donkey Kong}}
|[[Donkey Kong]]
|[[Hot Slap]] (flame pillars)
|[[Hot Slap]] (flame pillars)
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|{{SSB4|Dr. Mario}}
|[[Dr. Mario]]
|[[Ol' One-Two]]
|[[Ol' One-Two]]
|-
|-
Line 182: Line 181:
|Fire Breath
|Fire Breath
|-
|-
|{{SSB4|Greninja}}
|[[Greninja]]
|[[Exploding Attack]]
|[[Exploding Attack]]
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|rowspan=2|{{SSBU|Hero}}
|[[Frizz/Frizzle/Kafrizz]]
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|[[Command Selection]] (Sizz, Sizzle, Bang, Kaboom, Flame Slash)
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Ike]]
|rowspan=2|[[Ike]]
Line 199: Line 192:
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=3|{{SSBU|Incineroar}}
|rowspan=3|[[Incineroar]]
|[[Cross Chop]]
|[[Cross Chop]]
|rowspan=4|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=4|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 207: Line 200:
|[[Max Malicious Moonsault]]
|[[Max Malicious Moonsault]]
|-
|-
|{{SSBU|Isabelle}}
|[[Isabelle]]
|[[Lloid Trap]] (explosion)
|[[Lloid Trap]] (explosion)
|-
|-
Line 217: Line 210:
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|{{SSBU|Ken}}
|rowspan=2|[[Ken]]
|[[Shoryuken]] (heavy input)
|[[Shoryuken]] (heavy input)
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 250: Line 243:
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=18|Kirby (Copy Abilities)
|rowspan=13|Kirby (Copy Abilities)
|Fireball
|Fireball
|{{GameIcon|SSB}}{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB}}{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 282: Line 275:
|-
|-
|Plasma Breath
|Plasma Breath
|rowspan=6|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|Frizz / Frizzle / Kafrizz
|-
|Punch (laser)
|-
|Flare / Megaflare / Gigaflare
|-
|Flame Nova
|-
|Magic (Firaga)
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Little Mac]]
|rowspan=2|[[Little Mac]]
Line 358: Line 341:
|rowspan=4|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=4|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|[[Forward aerial]]
|[[Forward air]]
|-
|-
|[[Crash Bomber]]
|[[Crash Bomber]]
Line 367: Line 350:
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Mii Brawler]]
|rowspan=3|[[Mii Brawler]]
|[[Exploding Side Kick]]
|[[Exploding Side Kick]]
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|[[Burning Dropkick]]
|[[Burning Dropkick]]
|-
|[[Thrust Uppercut]] (explosion)
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=17|[[Mii Gunner]]
|rowspan=17|[[Mii Gunner]]
Line 411: Line 397:
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|{{SSBU|Mii Swordfighter}}
|[[Mii Swordfighter]]
|[[Blurring Blade]]
|[[Blurring Blade]]
|-
|{{SSBU|Min Min}}
|[[Punch]] ({{rollover|Ramram|forward smash; charged for 15 frames|y}}/{{rollover|Dragon|forward smash, and smashed forward and back air; uncharged and charged laser|y}})
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=6|[[Mr. Game & Watch]]
|rowspan=6|[[Mr. Game & Watch]]
Line 461: Line 443:
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|{{SSB4|Pac-Man}}
|rowspan=2|[[Pac-Man]]
|[[On-Fire Hydrant]]
|[[On-Fire Hydrant]]
|-
|-
Line 482: Line 464:
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|{{SSBU|Piranha Plant}}
|rowspan=2|[[Piranha Plant]]
|Back aerial
|Back air
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|{{b|Petey Piranha|Final Smash}} (Flame breath)
|[[Petey Piranha (Final Smash)|Petey Piranha]] (Flame breath)
|-
|-
|{{SSB4|Pit}}
|[[Pit]]
|[[Three Sacred Treasures]] (energy pillars)
|[[Three Sacred Treasures]] (energy pillars)
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=15|{{SSBU|Pyra}}
|rowspan=2|[[Ridley]]
|Neutral attack (rabid jab and finishser)
|rowspan=15|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|Dash attack
|-
|Forward tilt
|-
|Forward smash
|-
|Up smash
|-
|Down smash (sword)
|-
|Forward aerial
|-
|Back aerial
|-
|Down aerial
|-
|Pummel
|-
|Forward throw (hitbox)
|-
|[[Flame Nova]]
|-
|[[Blazing End]]
|-
|[[Prominence Revolt]] (pillar)
|-
|[[Burning Sword]] (pillar)
|-
|rowspan=2|{{SSBU|Ridley}}
|Forward smash
|Forward smash
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 534: Line 484:
|rowspan=5|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=5|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|Neutral aerial
|Neutral air
|-
|-
|Back aerial
|Back air
|-
|-
|Down aerial
|Down air
|-
|-
|[[Robo Beam]] (close range)
|[[Robo Beam]] (close range)
Line 584: Line 534:
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSB}}{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSB}}{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|Forward aerial
|Forward air
|-
|-
|{{b|Bomb|Samus}}
|{{b|Bomb|Samus}}
Line 606: Line 556:
|-
|-
|[[Up throw]] (blast)
|[[Up throw]] (blast)
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|{{SSBU|Sephiroth}}
|[[Flare / Megaflare / Gigaflare]]
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
Line 624: Line 570:
|[[Skimming Grenade]]
|[[Skimming Grenade]]
|-
|-
|{{SSBU|Simon}}
|[[Simon]]
|[[Holy Water]]
|[[Holy Water]]
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 645: Line 591:
|[[Grenade Launcher]]
|[[Grenade Launcher]]
|-
|-
|{{SSB4|Sonic}}
|[[Sonic]]
|[[Burning Spin Dash]]
|[[Burning Spin Dash]]
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|{{SSBU|Sora}}
|[[Magic]] (Firaga)
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|rowspan=5|{{SSBU|Steve}}
|Down tilt
|rowspan=5|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|Up smash (magma block)
|-
|Down smash
|-
|[[TNT]]
|-
|[[House of Boom]] (ending explosion)
|-
|-
|rowspan=4|[[Toon Link]]
|rowspan=4|[[Toon Link]]
Line 689: Line 619:
|[[Extreme Balloon Trip]]
|[[Extreme Balloon Trip]]
|-
|-
|{{SSB4|Wii Fit Trainer}}
|[[Wii Fit Trainer]]
|[[Volatile Breathing]]
|[[Volatile Breathing]]
|-
|-
|{{SSBB|Wolf}}
|[[Wolf]]
|[[Landmaster]] (shot)
|[[Landmaster]] (shot)
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Young Link]]
|rowspan=3|[[Young Link]]
|Down aerial (above Young Link with the hilt of the sword)
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|[[Fire Bow]]
|[[Fire Bow]]
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|Bomb
|Bomb
|-
|Down aerial (above Young Link with the hilt of the sword)
|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}
|-
|-
|[[Yoshi]]
|[[Yoshi]]
Line 709: Line 638:
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=7|[[Zelda]]
|rowspan=6|[[Zelda]]
|[[Up aerial]]
|[[Up air]]
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=2|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|[[Din's Fire]]
|[[Din's Fire]]
|-
|Down throw
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|[[Farore's Wind]] (hitbox upon reappearance)
|[[Farore's Wind]] (hitbox upon reappearance)
Line 746: Line 672:
!width=8%|Games
!width=8%|Games
|-
|-
|rowspan=12|[[Assist Trophies]]
|rowspan=10|[[Assist Trophies]]
|[[Bomberman]]: Bomb explosions
|[[Bomberman]]: Bomb explosions
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
Line 752: Line 678:
|[[Dr. Kawashima]]: Number explosions
|[[Dr. Kawashima]]: Number explosions
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|[[Dark Samus]]: Missiles, Bombs
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|[[Infantry & Tanks]]: Bullets and missiles
|[[Infantry & Tanks]]: Bullets and missiles
Line 769: Line 692:
|[[Rathalos]]: Fireballs
|[[Rathalos]]: Fireballs
|-
|-
|[[Ray Mk III]]: Missiles
|[[Ray MK III]]: Missiles
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}
|-
|-
|[[Tiki]]: Fire breath (dragon form)
|[[Tiki]]: Fire breath (dragon form)
|rowspan=4|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|rowspan=3|{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|[[Wily Capsule]]: Fire projectiles
|[[Wily Capsule]]: Fire projectiles
|-
|{{b|Zero|Mega Man}}: Ryuenjin
|-
|-
|[[Banana Gun]]
|[[Banana Gun]]
Line 797: Line 718:
|[[Fire Bar]]
|[[Fire Bar]]
|All swings and throws
|All swings and throws
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|[[Fire Flower]]  
|[[Fire Flower]]  
Line 843: Line 764:
|-
|-
|[[Fennekin]]: Incinerate
|[[Fennekin]]: Incinerate
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|[[Groudon]]: Overheat (contact with body)
|[[Groudon]]: Overheat (contact with body)
Line 873: Line 794:
|[[Soccer Ball]]
|[[Soccer Ball]]
|Hit upon being struck by an attack with heavy knockback
|Hit upon being struck by an attack with heavy knockback
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|[[Super Scope]]
|[[Super Scope]]
Line 1,037: Line 958:


===By stage hazards===
===By stage hazards===
In addition to natural stage hazards, the [[Spirit Battle]] condition [[condition#"The floor is lava"|"The floor is lava"]] creates a hazard that inflicts flame damage.
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=70%
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=70%
|-
|-
Line 1,058: Line 977:
|[[Corneria]]
|[[Corneria]]
|Arwing shots
|Arwing shots
|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4-3DS}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBM}}
|-
|-
|[[Gerudo Valley]]
|[[Gerudo Valley]]
Line 1,070: Line 989:
|[[Halberd]]
|[[Halberd]]
|[[Combo Cannon]] (cannonball explosion)
|[[Combo Cannon]] (cannonball explosion)
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4-U}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSBB}}{{GameIcon|SSB4-U}}
|-
|-
|[[Jungle Hijinxs]]
|[[Jungle Hijinxs]]
Line 1,108: Line 1,027:
|{{GameIcon|SSB}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|-  
|-  
|[[Sector Z]]
|[[Arwing]] (lazers; when firing from the background)
|{{GameIcon|SSB}}
|-
|[[Unova Pokémon League]]
|[[Unova Pokémon League]]
|[[Reshiram]] (Fusion Flare, ground fires)
|[[Reshiram]] (Fusion Flare, ground fires)
Line 1,118: Line 1,033:
|[[Stage Builder]]
|[[Stage Builder]]
|Magma
|Magma
|{{GameIcon|SSB4-U}}{{GameIcon|SSBU}}
|{{GameIcon|SSB4-U}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Subspace Emissary]] stages
|rowspan=2|[[Subspace Emissary]] stages
Line 1,127: Line 1,042:
|}
|}


==Trivia==
{{Template:Effects}}
*Contrary to popular belief, none of [[Terry]]'s special moves, including super special moves and Final Smash, use the flame effect. Rather, they possess the [[normal]] effect.
 
{{Effects}}


[[Category:Effects]]
[[Category:Effects]]

Please note that all contributions to SmashWiki are considered to be released under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license (see SmashWiki:Copyrights for details). Your changes will be visible immediately. Please enter a summary of your changes above.

Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!

Cancel Editing help (opens in new window)

Templates used on this page: