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Coded in the {{iw|wikipedia|Java|programming language}} programming language, a pre-alpha version of ''Minecraft'' was publicly released on May 17, 2009. The game's great popularity allowed Notch to work on it full-time, updating it based on feedback. To facilitate this, he founded a video game company, [[Mojang Studios|Mojang Specifications]] (eventually renamed to "Mojang AB" and later "Mojang Studios"). After different phases of development cycles, ''Minecraft'' entered alpha testing on June 30, 2010, then beta testing on December 20, 2010, and was officially released on November 18, 2011. Later, on December 1, Notch stepped down from his position as lead designer, leaving programmer and designer {{iw|wikipedia|Jens Bergensten}} to take his place. In 2014, [[Microsoft]] purchased Mojang for US$2.5 billion, thus acquiring the ''Minecraft'' intellectual property; Notch soon left Mojang, and the company eventually cut all ties from him due to becoming a controversial figure in recent years. As of March 2021, gameplay developer [https://minecraft.wiki/w/Agnes_Larsson Agnes Larsson] is the game's director and she occasionally appears with Jens for videos related to the franchise, such as Minecraft Live. Minecraft Live is a yearly event that gives news to an upcoming major update for the base game, new titles or updates for the spin-off branch, and miscellaneous information, in which [[Masahiro Sakurai]] appeared briefly in one of them through a video for announcing ''Minecraft'' crossing over with ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''. | Coded in the {{iw|wikipedia|Java|programming language}} programming language, a pre-alpha version of ''Minecraft'' was publicly released on May 17, 2009. The game's great popularity allowed Notch to work on it full-time, updating it based on feedback. To facilitate this, he founded a video game company, [[Mojang Studios|Mojang Specifications]] (eventually renamed to "Mojang AB" and later "Mojang Studios"). After different phases of development cycles, ''Minecraft'' entered alpha testing on June 30, 2010, then beta testing on December 20, 2010, and was officially released on November 18, 2011. Later, on December 1, Notch stepped down from his position as lead designer, leaving programmer and designer {{iw|wikipedia|Jens Bergensten}} to take his place. In 2014, [[Microsoft]] purchased Mojang for US$2.5 billion, thus acquiring the ''Minecraft'' intellectual property; Notch soon left Mojang, and the company eventually cut all ties from him due to becoming a controversial figure in recent years. As of March 2021, gameplay developer [https://minecraft.wiki/w/Agnes_Larsson Agnes Larsson] is the game's director and she occasionally appears with Jens for videos related to the franchise, such as Minecraft Live. Minecraft Live is a yearly event that gives news to an upcoming major update for the base game, new titles or updates for the spin-off branch, and miscellaneous information, in which [[Masahiro Sakurai]] appeared briefly in one of them through a video for announcing ''Minecraft'' crossing over with ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''. | ||
''Minecraft'' is an open-world sandbox game about survival and creativity, with a block-based world and blocky characters. Worlds are generated pseudo-randomly based on seeds (integer sequences), allowing players to have a different experience for each playthrough, while specific worlds can be recreated and revisited by saving their seeds. Worlds may come with different biomes, affecting the types of scenery and mobs the player may see, and also come with different dimensions to explore (three by default: the Overworld, the Nether, and the End). The player takes on the default appearance of a generic character named [[Steve]] or [[Alex]], but can be customized to the player's liking using custom-made textures, known as "skins." | ''Minecraft'' is an open-world sandbox game about survival and creativity, with a block-based world and blocky characters. Worlds are generated pseudo-randomly based on seeds (integer sequences), allowing players to have a different experience for each playthrough, while specific worlds can be recreated and revisited by saving their seeds. Worlds may come with different biomes, affecting the types of scenery and mobs the player may see, and also come with different dimensions to explore (three by default: the Overworld, the Nether, and the End). The player takes on the default appearance of a generic character named [[Steve]] or [[Alex]], but can be customized to the player's liking using custom-made textures, known as "skins." During Minecraft Live 2022, seven more characters were added to the game alongside Steve and Alex; Zuri, Sunny, Noor, Makena, Kai, Efe, and Ari. As the name implies, the primary gameplay mechanics of ''Minecraft'' are mining (digging up blocks to obtain materials) and crafting (using said materials to create new objects, such as weapons or armor). The game also allows players to play online with other people through custom servers, or on ''Minecraft Realms'' (a subscription-based private server service). Online play is a notable and popular part of ''Minecraft'', and because of this, the game is continually updated and re-released with new features. | ||
There have been numerous editions of ''Minecraft'', available on various platforms. The ''Java Edition'', the original edition of ''Minecraft'', is available on home computer platforms such as Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X (now macOS) and Linux; the ''Bedrock Edition'', rewritten in the {{iw|wikipedia|C++}} programming language, was originally available on iOS and Android and has since been ported to Xbox One, PlayStation 4, [[Nintendo Switch]], and Windows 10; the discontinued ''Legacy Console Edition'' is the only available edition on older consoles such as the [[Wii U]], PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita and Xbox 360; and special editions of ''Minecraft'' have been made available on platforms like the [[New Nintendo 3DS]] and the Raspberry Pi, but have since been discontinued. | There have been numerous editions of ''Minecraft'', available on various platforms. The ''Java Edition'', the original edition of ''Minecraft'', is available on home computer platforms such as Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X (now macOS) and Linux; the ''Bedrock Edition'', rewritten in the {{iw|wikipedia|C++}} programming language, was originally available on iOS and Android and has since been ported to Xbox One, PlayStation 4, [[Nintendo Switch]], and Windows 10; the discontinued ''Legacy Console Edition'' is the only available edition on older consoles such as the [[Wii U]], PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita and Xbox 360; and special editions of ''Minecraft'' have been made available on platforms like the [[New Nintendo 3DS]] and the Raspberry Pi, but have since been discontinued. | ||
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Five game modes are available in ''Minecraft'': Survival, Creative, Adventure, Hardcore, and Spectator. The modes that form the majority of the gameplay are Survival and Creative. | Five game modes are available in ''Minecraft'': Survival, Creative, Adventure, Hardcore, and Spectator. The modes that form the majority of the gameplay are Survival and Creative. | ||
* In Survival mode, the focus is to gather resources and become stronger while building a home base. By day, the player normally encounters passive mobs, such as animals that can be tamed and farmed for materials. At night, the player may encounter more dangerous mobs such as [[Zombie]]s, [[Creeper]]s, Spiders, [[Enderman|Endermen]], and so on. While never explicitly stated during gameplay, the goal is to kill the Ender Dragon, who lives in the End dimension; doing so rolls the game's "credits", a surreal dialogue between two higher beings that explicitly breaks the fourth wall. However, there are no limitations on accomplishing this goal, and upon doing so, the player simply returns to their spawn point. | * In Survival mode, the focus is to gather resources and become stronger while building a home base. By day, the player normally encounters passive mobs, such as animals that can be tamed and farmed for materials. At night, the player may encounter more dangerous mobs such as [[Zombie]]s, [[Creeper]]s, Spiders, [[Enderman|Endermen]], and so on. While never explicitly stated during gameplay, the goal is to kill the Ender Dragon, who lives in the End dimension; doing so rolls the game's "credits", a surreal dialogue between two higher beings that explicitly breaks the fourth wall. However, there are no limitations on accomplishing this goal, and upon doing so, the player simply returns to their spawn point. | ||
* Hardcore mode is a more difficult variant of Survival mode | * Hardcore mode is a more difficult variant of Survival mode. Functioning similarly to a {{iw|wikipedia|permadeath}} game, seen in {{iw|wikipedia|roguelike}} games for example, this mode locks the world to the most difficult settings and prevents players from respawning after dying once, forcing the map to be deleted if they are killed, or being kicked from the world for a day if played from a server. | ||
* Creative mode focuses on building creations with a wide array of different blocks and materials. In this mode, survival is no issue, as the player is invincible to all standard forms of damage, and has the ability to freely fly. Furthermore, all mobs become passive and all blocks can be mined instantly. In the ''Bedrock Edition'', starting a Creative world permanently disables achievements, trophies, and leaderboard updates for that world, but has no other effects on gameplay. | * Creative mode focuses on building creations with a wide array of different blocks and materials. In this mode, survival is no issue, as the player is invincible to all standard forms of damage, and has the ability to freely fly. Furthermore, all mobs become passive and all blocks can be mined instantly. In the ''Bedrock Edition'', starting a Creative world permanently disables achievements, trophies, and leaderboard updates for that world, but has no other effects on gameplay. | ||
* Adventure mode is intended for player-created maps, and limits certain gameplay features for visiting players, such as directly destroying any blocks with any tools or placing blocks. This allows creators to produce narrative worlds, in the vein of a traditional adventure game, without interference from other players. | * Adventure mode is intended for player-created maps, and limits certain gameplay features for visiting players, such as directly destroying any blocks with any tools or placing blocks. This allows creators to produce narrative worlds, in the vein of a traditional adventure game, without interference from other players. | ||
* Spectator mode allows players to fly around and observe the world without interacting with it in any way. The player is also free to see another player's or mobs' | * Spectator mode allows players to fly around and observe the world without interacting with it in any way. The player is also free to see another player's or mobs' perspective in the game by clicking towards them while in this mode, including a few mobs who have a screen filter in their point of view. | ||
''Minecraft'' has grown to be the single best selling video game of all time, with over 238 million copies sold as of 2021. This beats the previous best selling single video game, {{iw|wikipedia|Rockstar Games}}' ''{{iw|wikipedia|Grand Theft Auto V}}'' | ''Minecraft'' has grown to be the single best selling video game of all time, with over 238 million copies sold as of 2021. This beats the previous best selling single video game, {{iw|wikipedia|Rockstar Games}}' ''{{iw|wikipedia|Grand Theft Auto V}}'', and all paid versions of {{uvm3|Tetris}}, both at roughly 200 million copies. ''Minecraft'' is also a juggernaut in terms of merchandise, with popular items being apparel, toys, plush figures, and other novelty items. | ||
The game is | The game is recognized for its artistic choice, featuring simplistic block models and pixel art. Until the ''Village & Pillage'' update, the texture were designed by multiple employees of Mojang. Since this update, a overhaul was made by Dutch artist [https://minecraft.wiki/w/Jasper_Boerstra Jasper Boerstra], also known as JAPPA, and is now used by default in the game, compared to the now called "Programmer Art" pack. In August 2022, Steve and Alex had their model updated to fit with the modern design of ''Minecraft'' made by JAPPA. Along with this design, paintings were introduced throughout multiple updates, with the majority of them being pixelated edits of real life classical paintings made by Swedish artist {{iw|wikipedia|Kristoffer Zetterstrand}}, who is also Persson's brother-in-law. | ||
''Minecraft'' has also spawned spin-off titles: adventure game ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft: Story Mode}}'' in 2015 (co-developed by the now-defunct Telltale Games), augmented-reality mobile game ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft Earth}}'' in 2019 (which ended its services on June 30th, 2021 due to restrictions on outdoor activities as a result of the [[COVID-19]] pandemic<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/Minecraft/status/1346502225720467457 |title=Minecraft on Twitter |quote=After many great adventures, we’ve made the difficult decision to close down Minecraft Earth in June 2021. We’re so grateful for all your support, and today’s last build includes several adjustments to make these last months as fun as possible. |date=January 5, 2021 |accessdate=January 5, 2021 |author=@Minecraft }}</ref>), action RPG/dungeon crawler ''Minecraft Dungeons'' (co-developed by Double Eleven) in 2020, and | The game is also recognized for its calming music and deriving from the {{iw|wikipedia|chiptune}} theme commonly used for indie games, which was originally composed by German musician {{iw|wikipedia|Daniel Rosenfeld}}, also known as C418. The game's soundtrack was released into two albums; ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft – Volume Alpha}}'' in 2011, and ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft – Volume Beta}}'' in 2013. Moreover, a third album is considered done by his author, but the album's release is to be determined.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mn47MqhbFY |title=10 Years of the Minecraft Soundtrack - C418 INTERVIEW |website=YouTube |accessdate=June 17, 2022 |author=Anthony Fantano |archivedate=April 21, 2021 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421231151/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mn47MqhbFY }}</ref> Until the ''Nether Update'' in 2020, he was the sole composer for both the ''Java Edition'' and the ''Bedrock Edition''. Later updates have included music by {{iw|wikipedia|Lena Raine}} (''{{iw|wikipedia|Celeste|video game}}''), [[List of composers|Kumi Tanioka]] ({{uv|Final Fantasy}}, ''{{b|Super Smash Bros.|series}}''), and [https://minecraft.wiki/w/Aaron_Cherof Aaron Cherof]. Other iconic composers include {{iw|wikipedia|Gareth Coker}} (''{{iw|wikipedia|Ori and the Blind Forest}}''), who has contributed songs to the ''Legacy Console Edition'' of ''Minecraft'', and [[List of composers|Grant Kirkhope]] ({{uv|Banjo-Kazooie}}, {{uv|GoldenEye}}), who has contributed songs to the spin-off game ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft Dungeons}}''. | ||
''Minecraft'' has also spawned spin-off titles: adventure game ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft: Story Mode}}'' in 2015 (co-developed by the now-defunct Telltale Games), augmented-reality mobile game ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft Earth}}'' in 2019 (which ended its services on June 30th, 2021 due to restrictions on outdoor activities as a result of the [[COVID-19]] pandemic<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/Minecraft/status/1346502225720467457 |title=Minecraft on Twitter |quote=After many great adventures, we’ve made the difficult decision to close down Minecraft Earth in June 2021. We’re so grateful for all your support, and today’s last build includes several adjustments to make these last months as fun as possible. |date=January 5, 2021 |accessdate=January 5, 2021 |author=@Minecraft }}</ref>), action RPG/dungeon crawler ''Minecraft Dungeons'' (co-developed by Double Eleven) in 2020, and action-strategy game ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft Legends}}'' in 2023. ''Minecraft'' has also found success as a learning tool through ''{{iw|wikipedia|Minecraft: Education Edition}}'', a specialized branch of the main game. [[wikipedia:Minecraft (film)|A movie adaptation]] is also in production at Warner Bros. Pictures, which will feature popular actors like {{iw|wikipedia|Jack Black}}, who has also participated in another video game movie, ''{{iw|mariowiki|The Super Mario Bros. Movie}}''. | |||
The popularity of ''Minecraft'' has led to many third-party companies basing their own games upon it, or crossing over with the ''Minecraft'' franchise in some way. For example, [[Square Enix]]'s ''{{iw|wikipedia|Dragon Quest Builders}}'' series is a mix between ''Minecraft''{{'}}s blocky design and survival genre and {{uv|Dragon Quest}}'s characters and role-playing genre. The Nintendo console versions of ''Minecraft'' include the {{iw|mariowiki|Super Mario Mash-Up Pack}}, which comes with custom graphics and worlds based upon the {{uv|Mario}} series; other IPs represented both in ''Super Smash Bros.'' and ''Minecraft'' include {{uv|Sonic the Hedgehog}}, {{uv|Mega Man}}, {{uv|Pac-Man}}, {{uv|Street Fighter}}, {{uv|Final Fantasy}}, and {{uv|Banjo-Kazooie}}. | The popularity of ''Minecraft'' has led to many third-party companies basing their own games upon it, or crossing over with the ''Minecraft'' franchise in some way. For example, [[Square Enix]]'s ''{{iw|wikipedia|Dragon Quest Builders}}'' series is a mix between ''Minecraft''{{'}}s blocky design and survival genre and {{uv|Dragon Quest}}'s characters and role-playing genre. The Nintendo console versions of ''Minecraft'' include the {{iw|mariowiki|Super Mario Mash-Up Pack}}, which comes with custom graphics and worlds based upon the {{uv|Mario}} series; other IPs represented both in ''Super Smash Bros.'' and ''Minecraft'' include {{uv|Sonic the Hedgehog}}, {{uv|Mega Man}}, {{uv|Pac-Man}}, {{uv|Street Fighter}}, {{uv|Final Fantasy}}, and {{uv|Banjo-Kazooie}}. | ||
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. 4]]''== | ==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. 4]]''== | ||
While no ''Minecraft'' content appears in ''Super Smash Bros. 4'', according to [https:// | While no ''Minecraft'' content appears in ''Super Smash Bros. 4'', according to [https://minecraft.wiki/w/Daniel_Kaplan Daniel Kaplan], former Production Director for ''Minecraft'', talks regarding the game being represented in ''Smash'' began as early as 2015,<ref>[https://twitter.com/Kappische/status/1311773807175180296 Daniel Kaplan on Twitter]</ref> either during the development of ''Smash 4''{{'}}s DLC or ''Ultimate''{{'}}s planning stages. It is unclear whether these negotiations were started with the intention of having ''Minecraft'' content appear in that game, or if said content was being negotiated for later usage. | ||
==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''== | ==In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''== | ||