Mario's helpless animation in Super Smash Bros.

Helpless (also known by various other names such as free fall, called "fallspecial" in game data) is a state in which characters are unable to take any action, with the exception of grabbing a ledge or climbing a ladder, until they land on the ground. Helplessness is typically associated with just having used one's triple jump, although it also occurs after using certain other special moves (usually ones which help recovery). Helpless characters can move sideways and fast fall, but are otherwise defenseless.

Helplessness usually ends upon landing on the ground, although it also ends if characters flinch, allowing them to attack or re-use their triple jump. A helpless character is denoted by both a black overlay and a distinct falling animation.

A state similar to helplessness exists in falling after having one's shield broken and then being stunned.

Curiously, the helpless state gives characters an extra ability in Super Smash Bros.: the ability to fall through soft platforms without landing on them. Starting in Melee this can be done at any time.

Landfallspecial and superdashtechnique

As a unique animation is used for falling while helpless, characters enter a different animation than usual once they land on the ground. This is called "landfallspecial" in Melee. Because airdodging enters this state, and wavedashing involves airdodging into the ground, when wavedashing was tried in debug mode, "landfallspecial" appeared for the character state. This led some players to believe that the "landfallspecial" designation was specifically designed for wavedashing and that developers put wavedashing in the game intentionally, further fueling the various debates over wavedashing's legitimacy. At one point, the myth morphed to where, instead of just "landfallspecial", there was purportedly another debug mode designation, cited as "superdashtechnique", "superdashattack", or other variants, created solely for the wavedashing animation. All incarnations of this story have been proven false and should not be taken as evidence that wavedashing was intentionally put or left in Melee.

Moves that invoke helplessness

 
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Move Character Type Notes
Air dodge Melee only.
Agility Pichu Up Special
Balloon Trip Villager Up Special Can happen sooner if balloons are popped by opponents.
Belay Ice Climbers Up Special
Blazer Roy Up Special
Boost Kick Zero Suit Samus Up Special
Burst Grenade Sheik Side Special One of the few projectiles that cause helplessness.
Corkscrew Wario Up Special
Dark Dive Ganondorf Up Special If the move's grab connects with an opponent, Ganondorf does not become helpless and can use the move again.
Dimensional Cape Meta Knight Down Special The only down special in the series that causes helplessness.
Din's Fire Zelda Side Special
Dolphin Slash Marth, Lucina Up Special
Drill Rush Meta Knight Side Special
Duck Jump Duck Hunt Up Special
Egg Roll Yoshi Side Special Does not cause helplessness in SSB4.
End of Day Olimar Final Smash Being ejected from the crashing spaceship puts Olimar into a state that is not exactly helplessness (it uses his tumbling animation, lacks the black overlay, and unlike helpnessness, prevents his Pikmin from chasing him), but it is essentially the same, as the player can only move to the left and right, and cannot attack or air dodge.
ExtremeSpeed Lucario Up Special If Lucario hits a wall during the move, it will wall cling instead of becoming helpless. However, it cannot use the move again.
Falco Phantasm Falco Side Special Does not cause helplessness in SSB4.
Falcon Dive Captain Falcon Up Special Like Dark Dive, if the move connects with an opponent, Captain Falcon does not become helpless and can use the move again.
Farore's Wind Zelda Up Special
Final Cutter Kirby Up Special Normally, the move does not end until Kirby lands on the ground. However, if the platform Kirby has landed on disappears while he is still in the landing animation (such as falling off a conveyor belt), he will become helpless.
Fire Mr. Game & Watch Up Special Only causes helplessness in Melee.
Fire Bird Falco Up Special
Fire Fox Fox Up Special
Fire Wolf Wolf Up Special
Flame Choke Ganondorf Side Special If the move connects with an opponent, Ganondorf does not become helpless, although he (and his victim) will fall until he hits the ground.
Fly Charizard Up Special
Fox Illusion Fox Side Special Does not cause helplessness in SSB4.
Gerudo Dragon Ganondorf Side Special
Giant Punch Donkey Kong Neutral Special Does not cause helplessness in SSB.
Gliding Meta Knight, Charizard, Pit If the user has used all their double jumps, they are put into helplessness once the glide ends (either by stalling or by attacking).
Grapple Beam Samus ZAir Melee only
Header Wii Fit Trainer Side Special Only causes helplessness if the user airdodges during the move.
Helicopter Kick Mii Brawler Up Special
Hookshot Link and Young Link ZAir Melee only
Hydro Pump Greninja Up Special
Hula Hoop Wii Fit Trainer Up Special
Jolt Haymaker Little Mac Side Special
Jump Glide Palutena Up Special Attacking while under the move's effect cancels the glide and triggers helplessness.
Lloid Rocket Villager Side Special Villager only enters helplessness if he rides then jumps off of the Lloid Rocket, does not hit an opponent during the ride, or if Lloid is destroyed.
Mach Tornado Meta Knight Neutral Special
Onslaught Mii Brawler Side Special
Pac-Jump Pac-Man Up Special All jumps trigger helplessness for Pac-Man and triggers helplessness for others when a fighter lands on the trampoline when it's red.
Parasol Peach Up Special Peach only enters helplessness if she decides to fastfall (which retracts the parasol) after using the move - she can also end the helplessness and resume parachuting by pressing up (re-opening it), the only character able to do so. However, if Peach was under the effects of items that make her shrink or grow while she fastfalls, she will become helpless, as her parasol disappears once she's back to normal. The Parasol item allows any character to do this in Melee.
Pikmin Chain Captain Olimar Up Special Normally, the Pikmin Chain makes Olimar helpless after the move is used in the air. However, if he uses grounded Pikmin Chain and the platform disappears (such as falling off a conveyor belt), or he uses ground Pikmin Chain while the stage is rotating, he will become helpless.
Piston Punch Mii Brawler Up Special
PK Flash Ness Neutral Special
PK Freeze Lucas, Ness Neutral Special
PK Thunder Lucas, Ness Up Special
Power of Flight Pit, Dark Pit Up Special
Quick Attack Pikachu Up Special
Quick Draw Ike Side Special Does not cause helplessness if it hits someone in SSB4.
Raptor Boost Captain Falcon Side Special
Rising Uppercut Little Mac Up Special
Rocket Jump Palutena Up Special
Rocketbarrel Boost Diddy Kong Up Special
Rocketbarrel Barrage Diddy Kong Final Smash Does not cause helplessness in SSB4.
Rollout Jigglypuff Neutral Special Does not cause helplessness in Brawl and SSB4; Jigglypuff will keep rolling and won't be able to move, however, if it rolls off the stage or hits a mid-air enemy in the latter.
Screw Attack Samus Up Special
Screw Attack (item) Item When this item is thrown at opponents (Melee only), they execute a Screw Attack and become helpless.
Shuttle Loop Meta Knight Up Special While the initial execution of the move does not make Meta Knight helpless, he does become helpless if the glide ends.
Shoryuken Ryu Up Special]] The helpless animation starts a little after Ryu starts to fall after reaching the peak of the leap.
Spin Attack Link, Young Link, Toon Link Up Special Normally, the Spin Attack makes Link, Young Link, or Toon Link helpless after the move was used it in the air. However, if he stands on the platform while using grounded Spin Attack and the platform disappears (such as falling off a conveyor belt), or he used grounded Spin Attack while the stage is rotating, he will become helpless.
Spinning Kong Donkey Kong Up Special
Squall Hammer Ice Climbers Side Special
Super Dedede Jump King Dedede Up Special Normally, the move does not end until King Dedede lands on the ground. However, if the platform King Dedede has landed on disappears while he is still in the landing animation (such as falling off a conveyor belt), he hits a ceiling while using the move, or the move is cancelled by the user, he will become helpless.
Super Jump Punch Mario, Luigi, Dr. Mario Up Special Their helpless animations are based on the Mario Bros.' death sprite in games such as Super Mario Bros. and Super Mario Bros. 3.
Teleport Mewtwo Up Special
Ultimate Uppercut Mii Brawler Neutral Special
Vanish Sheik Up Special
Vine Whip Ivysaur Up Special
Warp Palutena Up Special
Waterfall Squirtle Up Special
Whirling Fortress Bowser Up Special
Winged Pikmin Captain Olimar Up Special
Wings of Icarus Pit Up Special Pit can also avoid becoming helpless by using an aerial attack when using this move.
Wolf Flash Wolf,Fox Side Special

Gallery

Trivia

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Relevant facts should be integrated into the body of the article and unnecessary ones should be removed.
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  • The moves Fire, Robo Burner, Spring Jump, and Cypher do not cause helplessness in Brawl, although they do restrict the user's choice of moves until they land - Mr. Game & Watch and Snake simply cannot use the recovery move again, while Sonic cannot use any special moves and R.O.B. cannot air dodge. Through a programming oversight, this condition prevents them from using their recovery move again if grabbed and released without pummeling before touching the ground (except for R.O.B.).
  • If Kirby copies a move that causes helplessness, he will be affected just as the original character would be.
  • In Brawl, certain characters are unable to naturally become helpless, as they lack any moves that cause it. These characters are Jigglypuff, Sonic, Mr. Game & Watch, Snake, R.O.B., and Zero Suit Samus.
    • In fact, R.O.B. is not programmed to have a helpless state in Brawl, and attempting to see it via hacking causes the game to crash. All other characters have a helpless state, even if they cannot enter it without hacking. In Smash 4, Pac-Jump's red trampoline can put any character in a helpless state, and so all characters, including R.O.B., have one in Smash 4.
  • In Brawl, since Jigglypuff's and Mr. Game & Watch's air dodge animations carry over from Melee, pausing just before the animation ends allows the player to see their Melee helpless state.
  • Meta Knight is the only character whose entire set of special moves leaves him helpless.
  • The unique animation caused by landing while helpless is the cause of the landing lag glitch.
  • Villager's fall animation copies the defeat animation of the protagonist of Balloon Fight and also has increased fall speed when helpless, further cementing the similarities.
  • When Duck Hunt falls in their helpless state, the sound effect that plays when a duck falls in the original Duck Hunt plays.