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Traction (edit)

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{{redirect|Friction|aerial friction|Air friction|here}}
{{redirect|Friction|aerial friction|Air friction|here}}
[[File:Luigi-Traction-Brawl.gif|200px|thumb|Because [[Luigi]] has a very small amount of traction, he slides very noticeably after finishing a dash.]]
[[File:Luigi-Traction-Brawl.gif|200px|thumb|Because [[Luigi]] has a very small amount of traction, he slides very noticeably after finishing a dash.]]
'''Traction''' is a measure of how long it takes for a character to stop moving from a sideways force when grounded. Characters with low traction slide farther than others after walking, dashing, [[wavedashing]], being hit by an attack while grounded, and so on.
'''Traction''' is a measure of how long it takes for a character to stop moving from a sideways force when grounded. Characters with low traction slide farther than others after walking, dashing, [[wavedashing]], being hit by an attack while grounded, and so on. Traction is measured in negative [[unit]]s/[[frame]]².


Having high traction affords greater ground control over a character, so high traction is generally an advantage. Characters with low traction generally require more precise movement across the ground and cannot [[punish]] attacks as effectively [[out of shield]] since they will get pushed further away from the opponent. However, there are cases where low traction is useful: low traction is necessary for a long [[wavedash]] in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'' and a long [[dash pivot cancel]] in ''[[Brawl]]'', and there are cases where sliding away from a shielded attack can help escape multiple hits. In ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'', characters with lower traction get pushed further away when being attacked when in shield, which makes follow-ups and potential [[shield break]]s harder.
Having high traction affords greater ground control over a character, so high traction is generally an advantage. Characters with low traction generally require more precise movement across the ground and cannot [[punish]] attacks as effectively [[out of shield]] since they will get pushed further away from the opponent. However, there are cases where low traction is useful: low traction is necessary for a long [[wavedash]] in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'' and a long [[dash pivot cancel]] in ''[[Brawl]]'', and there are cases where sliding away from a shielded attack can help escape multiple hits. In ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'', characters with lower traction get pushed further away when being attacked when in shield, which makes follow-ups and potential [[shield break]]s harder.


[[Luigi]] is well-known for having the least traction of any character in all games except ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''; this originates from his low traction in most of the ''Mario'' platformers, which balances out his higher jumping.
[[Luigi]] is well-known for having the least traction of any character in all games except ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''; this originates from his low traction in most of the ''Mario'' platformers in which his abilities differ from those of [[Mario]], which balances out his higher jumping in such games.


Traction is also affected by [[terrain]]. For instance, nearly all characters have decreased traction on slippery surfaces such as ice. However, the [[Ice Climbers]] uniquely have the reverse of this functionality: their normally low traction becomes higher on slippery surfaces.
Traction is also affected by [[terrain]]. For instance, nearly all characters have decreased traction on slippery surfaces such as ice. However, the [[Ice Climbers]] uniquely have their traction completely unaffected by slippery surfaces.


==Traction rankings==
==Traction rankings==
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===''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]''===
===''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]''===
During certain character states in Melee, the traction applied is doubled if the character's horizontal velocity exceeds their [[Walk speed|Walk Speed]] (maximum). For example: Peach has 0.1 traction and 0.85 walk speed. So if her velocity is 1 it becomes 0.8 on the next frame (1 - (0.1*2) = 0.8). This does not apply during [[dash|Dash or RunBrake]], but it does during landing states. This includes "[[helpless|LandingFallSpecial]]", which means that [[wavedash|Wavedash & Waveland]] can go further the higher Walk Speed you have.
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center"
!Rank!!Character!!Value
!Rank!!Character!!Value
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!Rank!!Character!!Value
!Rank!!Character!!Value
|-
|-
|'''1'''||{{CharHead|Lucario|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.0736|Turning into Mega Lucario doesn't affect traction|?}}
|'''1'''||{{CharHead|Lucario|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.0736|Turning into Mega Lucario doesn't affect traction|y}}
|-
|-
|'''2'''||{{CharHead|Jigglypuff|SSB4}}||0.0718
|'''2'''||{{CharHead|Jigglypuff|SSB4}}||0.0718
|-
|-
|rowspan=3|'''3-5'''||{{CharHead|Little Mac|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.07|Turning into Giga Mac doesn't affect traction|?}}
|rowspan=3|'''3-5'''||{{CharHead|Little Mac|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.07|Turning into Giga Mac doesn't affect traction|y}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Wario|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|0.07
|{{CharHead|Wario|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|0.07
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|rowspan=2|'''12-13'''||{{CharHead|Link|SSB4}}||0.064
|rowspan=2|'''12-13'''||{{CharHead|Link|SSB4}}||0.064
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Mii Swordfighter|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.064|Assuming perfect weight and height values|?}}
|{{CharHead|Mii Swordfighter|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.064|Default height and weight|y}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=11|'''14-24'''||{{CharHead|Fox|SSB4}}||rowspan=11|0.06
|rowspan=11|'''14-24'''||{{CharHead|Fox|SSB4}}||rowspan=11|0.06
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|'''27'''||{{CharHead|Bowser|SSB4}}||0.0577
|'''27'''||{{CharHead|Bowser|SSB4}}||0.0577
|-
|-
|rowspan=6|'''28-33'''||{{CharHead|Cloud|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.055|Cloud's traction is 0.06325 if his Limit Gauge is full|?}}
|rowspan=6|'''28-33'''||{{CharHead|Cloud|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.055|0.06325 during Limit Break status|y}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Bayonetta|SSB4}}||rowspan=5|0.055
|{{CharHead|Bayonetta|SSB4}}||rowspan=5|0.055
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|'''40'''||{{CharHead|Captain Falcon|SSB4}}||0.05
|'''40'''||{{CharHead|Captain Falcon|SSB4}}||0.05
|-
|-
|'''41'''||{{CharHead|Kirby|SSB4}}||0.0493
|'''41'''||{{CharHead|Kirby|SSB4}}||{{rollover|0.0493|0.07395 with Speed|y}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|'''42-43'''||{{CharHead|Diddy Kong|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|0.0484
|rowspan=2|'''42-43'''||{{CharHead|Diddy Kong|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|0.0484
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|{{CharHead|Pac-Man|SSB4}}
|{{CharHead|Pac-Man|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Mii Brawler|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|{{rollover|0.045|Assuming perfect weight and height values|?}}
|{{CharHead|Mii Brawler|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|{{rollover|0.045|Default height and weight|y}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Mii Gunner|SSB4}}
|{{CharHead|Mii Gunner|SSB4}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|'''53-54'''||{{CharHead|Ike|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|0.044
|rowspan=2|'''53-54'''||{{CharHead|Ike|SSB4}}||rowspan=2|{{rollover|0.044|0.066 with Shulk's Speed|y}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Shulk|SSB4}}
|{{CharHead|Shulk|SSB4}}
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|'''19'''||{{CharHead|Mii Brawler|SSBU}}||0.12
|'''19'''||{{CharHead|Mii Brawler|SSBU}}||0.12
|-
|-
|rowspan=9|'''20-28'''||{{CharHead|Kirby|SSBU}}||rowspan=9|0.116
|rowspan=9|'''20-28'''||{{CharHead|Kirby|SSBU}}||{{rollover|0.116|0.232 with Speed|y}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Zelda|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Zelda|SSBU}}||rowspan=8|0.116
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Mewtwo|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Mewtwo|SSBU}}
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|{{CharHead|Terry|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Terry|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=9|'''39-47'''||{{CharHead|Pichu|SSBU}}||rowspan=8|0.11
|rowspan=9|'''39-47'''||{{CharHead|Pichu|SSBU}}||rowspan=7|0.11
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Charizard|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Charizard|SSBU}}
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|{{CharHead|Bayonetta|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Bayonetta|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Hero|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Hero|SSBU}}||{{rollover|0.11|0.231 with Acceleratle|y}}
|-
|-
|{{CharHead|Sephiroth|SSBU}}||{{rollover|0.11|0.143 in Winged Form|y}}
|{{CharHead|Sephiroth|SSBU}}||{{rollover|0.11|0.143 in Winged Form|y}}
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|{{CharHead|Pyra|SSBU}}
|{{CharHead|Pyra|SSBU}}
|-
|-
|'''87'''||{{CharHead|Ice Climbers|SSBU}}||0.077
|'''87'''||{{CharHead|Ice Climbers|SSBU}}||0.077{{rollover|*|Uniquely, the Ice Climbers do not lose traction if they are standing on ice.|y}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=2|'''88-89'''||{{CharHead|Mii Gunner|SSBU}}||rowspan=2|0.076
|rowspan=2|'''88-89'''||{{CharHead|Mii Gunner|SSBU}}||rowspan=2|0.076
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